Pelvic Anatomy
Pelvic Anatomy - Related Videos
13:01
Pelvic Exam III: Bimanual and Rectovaginal Exam
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2023
Source: Alexandra Duncan, GTA, Praxis Clinical, New Haven, CT Tiffany Cook, GTA, Praxis Clinical, New Haven, CT Jaideep S. Talwalkar, MD, Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT A bimanual exam is a thorough check of a patient's cervix, uterus, and ovaries. It can tell an experienced provider a great deal, as it may lead to the discovery of abnormalities, such as cysts, fibroids, or malignancies. However, it's useful even in the absence of such findings, as it...
12:42
Pelvic Exam I: Assessment of the External Genitalia
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2023
Source: Alexandra Duncan, GTA, Praxis Clinical, New Haven, CT Tiffany Cook, GTA, Praxis Clinical, New Haven, CT Jaideep S. Talwalkar, MD, Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT The pelvic exam can feel invasive to patients, so it is important to do everything possible to make patients feel comfortable and empowered, rather than vulnerable. Clinicians should be aware of how they are communicating, both verbally and nonverbally, and should give their patients...
10:58
Pelvic Exam II: Speculum Exam
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2023
Source: Alexandra Duncan, GTA, Praxis Clinical, New Haven, CT Tiffany Cook, GTA, Praxis Clinical, New Haven, CT Jaideep S. Talwalkar, MD, Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT Providing comfortable speculum placement is an important skill for providers to develop, since the speculum is a necessary tool in many gynecological procedures. Patients and providers are often anxious about the speculum exam, but it is entirely possible to place a speculum without...
06:44
Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
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Cited by 22 •
2009
A demonstration of the bedside test for cutaneous allodynia and its clinical implications.
01:20
Anatomy of the Eyeball
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2024
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
FAQs
Pelvic anatomy becomes clinically useful when structures are considered as a connected support system rather than in isolation. The bony pelvis supplies a stable ring, while pelvic floor muscles and fascia help transmit and balance forces around abdominal and pelvic organs. This relationship links structural changes to symptoms involving posture, movement, support, and continence.
Connective tissues and fascia help organize and support pelvic structures. Their relationship with pelvic floor muscles contributes to how organs are supported within the lower trunk. When clinicians evaluate prolapse or childbirth-related injury, considering these tissues alongside muscles and bones can clarify why altered support may affect pelvic function.
Neurovascular relationships are a central safety consideration in pelvic care. Nerves and blood vessels lie close to structures examined or treated, so anatomical knowledge helps clinicians plan injections, surgery, and other interventions while reducing the risk of injury. These relationships also provide context when evaluating dysfunction or symptoms after trauma or disease.
Pelvic anatomy guides physical examination and diagnostic imaging by giving clinicians a framework for locating and relating bones, muscles, fascia, organs, vessels, and nerves. Clinicians can use these relationships to interpret findings rather than viewing an abnormality in isolation. This supports targeted assessment of pain, dysfunction, prolapse, trauma, or disease.
Pelvic anatomy is especially relevant when a patient presents with pain, urinary or fecal dysfunction, pelvic organ prolapse, trauma, or disease affecting the lower trunk. Each problem may involve different combinations of support tissues, organs, muscles, or neurovascular structures. Mapping these relationships helps clinicians connect symptoms with examination and management decisions.
Childbirth-related injury can alter the relationships among pelvic floor muscles, fascia, organs, and the bony pelvis. Understanding those relationships helps clinicians assess whether symptoms reflect impaired support or function, including continence problems or prolapse. The same anatomical framework can guide follow-up examination and the use of imaging or other interventions when needed.