Biotin Labeled Probes
Biotin Labeled Probes - Related Videos
04:10
Helicase Activity Measurement of a Target Protein Using Biotin-Labeled RNA Duplexes
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate the procedure to determine the helicase activity of a target protein to unwind the biotin-labeled dsRNA substrate. The activity of the enzyme was identified by analyzing the electrophoretic mobility shift, followed by a chemiluminescence assay using chemiluminescent enzyme-conjugated streptavidin.
03:31
Labeling DNA Probes
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2021
DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions. Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
12:16
Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes
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Cited by 49 •
2013
We describe a robust and versatile protocol for analyzing nuclear architecture by 3D DNA FISH using directly labeled fluorescent probes.
03:12
An Avidin-Biotin Conjugation Technique for Presenting Target Antigens on Mycobacterium bovis BCG
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2025
The video demonstrates a technique for loading antigens on Mycobacterium bovis BCG to improve its immunogenic properties. The method uses the avidin-biotin system to coat the bacterial surface with exogenous antigens.
08:14
In Vitro Biochemical Assays using Biotin Labels to Study Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions
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Cited by 10 •
2019
Presented here are protocols for in vitro biochemical assays using biotin labels that may be widely applicable for studying protein-nucleic acid interactions.
FAQs
The biotin attachment creates a recognition site that can be bound by streptavidin or avidin. These binding partners may carry an enzyme or fluorescent label, converting the probe-target interaction into a measurable signal. This arrangement separates target recognition from signal production, allowing the same biotin-based strategy to support different detection formats.
Streptavidin and avidin connect the biotinylated probe to a signal-producing component. Their high-affinity recognition of biotin helps retain the detection system at the location of the complementary target. Because either enzymes or fluorescent labels can be attached, researchers can adapt the readout to the assay while preserving the same probe-binding principle.
Detection begins when the probe binds a complementary nucleic acid target in the biological sample. This sequence-dependent interaction provides specificity, because the signal is associated with locations or molecules containing the matching target. Consequently, the design of the probe-target pairing determines whether the experiment focuses on particular DNA or RNA sequences.
The measurable signal can reveal where a target occurs or provide information about its amount, depending on the assay format. In situ hybridization emphasizes localization within biological samples, whereas blotting and microarray approaches can support analysis of DNA or RNA patterns. Thus, the same recognition system serves different experimental readouts.
A typical workflow first brings the labeled probe into contact with a biological sample containing potential DNA or RNA targets. Complementary sequences bind, and streptavidin or avidin then recognizes the attached biotin. An enzyme or fluorescent label associated with that recognition step produces the signal used to identify or assess the target.
These probes are used in several nucleic acid detection formats, including in situ hybridization, Southern blotting, Northern blotting, and microarray analysis. The methods differ in how the biological material is presented and interpreted, but each can use probe complementarity followed by biotin recognition to produce a detectable result.
Their applications include examining gene expression, chromosome organization, and molecular interactions. By detecting complementary DNA or RNA targets, researchers can determine where selected sequences occur, assess patterns associated with expression, or investigate how molecular components are arranged and related within biological samples. The appropriate assay determines which type of information is most accessible.
In situ hybridization is suited to locating targets within biological samples, while Southern and Northern blotting provide nucleic acid detection in blot-based formats. Microarray analysis allows probe-based examination across many targets. Selecting among these approaches therefore depends on whether the study emphasizes spatial localization, DNA or RNA analysis, or broader comparative profiling.