Speech Production
Speech Production - Related Videos
08:32
Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors
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Cited by 60 •
2017
Ultrasound imaging can be used to display the shape and movements of the tongue in real time during speech. The images can be used to determine the nature of speech sound errors. Visual feedback of the tongue can be used to facilitate improvements in speech sound production in clinical populations.
07:18
Examining Gesture Production in the Presence of Communication Challenges
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2024
Here, we present a protocol that manipulates interlocutor visibility to examine its impact on gesture production in interpersonal communication. This protocol is flexible to tasks implemented, gestures examined, and communication modality. It is ideal for populations with communication challenges, such as second language learners and individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
11:42
Lentivirus Production
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Cited by 43 •
2009
To make lentiviruses, DNA vectors are transfected into human 293 cells. After harvest and concentrating the supernatant, virus titer is determined by fluorescence expression with a flow cytometer.
07:56
Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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Cited by 9 •
2019
This paper introduces a method for assessing the coherence of parents' short narratives regarding their child and their relationship using the five-minute speech sample procedure.
01:23
Relation between Total Product, Marginal Product and Average Product
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2024
In the short run, a firm manufactures a product using a fixed amount of capital and varying numbers of workers. Its total product (TP) shows how much output can be produced in a specific period for each combination of labor and capital. Since capital is constant, the output varies with labor. Marginal product (MP) measures the additional output produced by adding one more unit of labor. It is calculated as the change in output divided by the change in labor quantity (ΔTP/ΔL). Average product...
FAQs
Neural signals organize several motor actions into a timed sequence rather than activating speech structures independently. They coordinate breathing, vocal-fold activity, and movements of the tongue, lips, jaw, and palate. This integration allows intended language to become a continuous vocal output, making neural control and motor timing central to biological studies of communication.
Airflow from the lungs supplies the physical energy needed for phonation, the production of voiced sound through vocal-fold vibration. The larynx converts respiratory airflow into a sound source, which the vocal tract can then shape. Examining this relationship helps distinguish the respiratory contribution to speech from later articulatory processes.
These structures modify the sound generated at the larynx by changing the configuration of the vocal tract. Their coordinated movements influence how the emerging sound is formed into recognizable speech. Because several articulators must act together, studying their roles provides a biological view of how vocal-fold sound becomes language that listeners can interpret.
Speech depends on the elements of the system acting in the correct sequence and at appropriate times. Neural control must align respiratory airflow, vocal-fold vibration, and articulator movements so that sounds connect into intelligible speech. Investigating this timing is important because communication can be affected when coordination among these biological components is disrupted.
Studies can focus on the interaction of language and motor-control regions with the respiratory system, larynx, and vocal tract. Researchers also consider the tongue, lips, jaw, and palate because these structures shape vocal output. Examining the system as a coordinated network helps connect neural activity with the physical production of speech.
Speech production research helps biologists and clinicians investigate developmental and neurological disorders that affect communication. Findings can support approaches to diagnosis and rehabilitation by clarifying how neural control, breathing, phonation, and articulation contribute to speech. The same biological understanding also informs the development of assistive communication technologies for people who cannot communicate typically.