Chromium 51 Release Assay
Chromium 51 Release Assay - Related Videos
11:48
Assay for Cell Death: Chromium Release Assay of Cytotoxic Ability
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2023
Source: Frances V. Sjaastad1,2, Whitney Swanson2,3, and Thomas S. Griffith1,2,3,4 1 Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 2 Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 3 Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 4 Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 One of the main functions of the cells of the immune system is to remove target cells...
11:31
Determining Optimal Cytotoxic Activity of Human Her2neu Specific CD8 T cells by Comparing the Cr51 Release Assay to the xCELLigence System
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Cited by 37 •
2012
The chromium release assay, a common assay for detecting cytotoxic T cell activity, has several limitations. Using antigen-specific CD8 T cells and the human breast cancer tumor line, SKBR3, in the present article, an impedance-based approach was examined for the capability of detecting cell killing.
06:01
A Dye Release Assay to Quantify Enzymatic Activity of Antimicrobial Proteins
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2025
This video demonstrates the dye release assay for quantifying the enzymatic activity of antimicrobial proteins. The antimicrobial protein degrades the bacteria's dye-labeled cell wall and releases the dye molecules turning the solution blue. The absorbance of the solution correlates with the enzymatic activity of the antimicrobial protein.
03:50
A Degranulation Assay to Monitor Neutrophil Activation and Gelatinase Release
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2026
Source:Jing Li1, Jaehyung Cho2,31MBL International Corporation, Des Plaines.2Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine.3Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine.This video demonstrates an assay to monitor neutrophil activation and granule exocytosis through a degranulation assay. Upon activation by proinflammatory compounds, cytoplasmic granules within neutrophils containing gelatinase fuse with the cell...
12:07
Preparation and Use of HIV-1 Infected Primary CD4+ T-Cells as Target Cells in Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Assays
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Cited by 12 •
2011
Cytotoxicity assays to measure natural killer cell lytic responses to HIV-infected cells is limited by the purity of the target cells. We demonstrate here the isolation of a highly purified population of HIV-1 infected primary T-cell blasts by taking advantage of HIV-1 s ability to down-modulate CD4.
FAQs
These controls provide the reference points needed to interpret chromium-51 detected in the surrounding medium. Comparing spontaneous release with maximum release helps distinguish target-cell lysis associated with cytotoxic lymphocytes from the assay’s baseline and total release signals. This comparison supports calculation of specific target-cell lysis and makes results more meaningful across experimental conditions.
The gamma counter quantifies radioactive chromium-51 released from labeled target cells into the surrounding medium. Its measurement converts the release event into a detectable signal that can be compared among assay conditions. Because the readout reflects chromium-51 release, the instrument provides the quantitative basis for evaluating how strongly natural killer cells or T cells damage target cells.
Target cells provide the labeled population whose chromium-51 release is measured, while cytotoxic lymphocytes provide the immune effector activity being tested. Natural killer cells and T cells can therefore be evaluated according to their ability to lyse the selected targets. Changing the target or lymphocyte population changes the biological question addressed by the assay.
Researchers can compare cytotoxic activity under conditions associated with different pathogens or antigens and examine the resulting target-cell lysis. Differences in chromium-51 release indicate differences in effector-cell activity against the tested targets. This makes the assay useful for studying how immune responses vary with pathogen-related or antigen-related experimental conditions.
The workflow starts by labeling target cells with radioactive chromium-51. Cytotoxic lymphocytes, such as natural killer cells or T cells, are then added to the labeled targets. After the immune cells act on the targets, chromium-51 released into the surrounding medium is quantified with a gamma counter, alongside spontaneous and maximum release measurements for interpretation.
The assay can evaluate immune effector function, compare cytotoxic responses associated with pathogens or antigens, and measure activity in experimental studies. In infection research, it helps assess how effectively cytotoxic lymphocytes respond to relevant target cells. Its readout also supports comparisons between experimental conditions when the outcome of interest is target-cell lysis.
It is useful when investigators need a quantitative assessment of cell-mediated cytotoxicity rather than a descriptive observation of immune-cell activity. The method can be applied to experimental and clinical studies to compare effector responses, examine pathogen- or antigen-specific activity, and evaluate immune function through measured chromium-51 release and calculated specific lysis.