In Vitro Immunity Assay
In Vitro Immunity Assay - Related Videos
09:55
In vitro Cell Migration and Invasion Assays
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Cited by 627 •
2014
Commonly used, highly accessible methods for examining cell migration and invasion in vitro are described. The first method is the cell wound closure assay that measures cell motility. The second method is the transwell migration and invasion assay that assesses the chemotactic and invasive capacity of cells.
09:20
Investigating the Effects of Probiotics on Pneumococcal Colonization Using an In Vitro Adherence Assay
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Cited by 8 •
2014
In vitro adherence assays can be used to study the attachment of Streptococcus pneumoniae to epithelial cell monolayers and to investigate potential interventions such as the use of probiotics for inhibiting pneumococcal colonization.
14:01
Human In Vitro Suppression as Screening Tool for the Recognition of an Early State of Immune Imbalance
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2011
Tregs are potent suppressors of the immune system. There is a lack of unique surface markers to define them, hence, definitions of Tregs are primarily functional. Here we describe an optimized in vitro assay capable of identifying immune imbalance in subjects at risk to develop T1D.
03:06
An In Vitro Assay to Study the Interaction between Neutrophils and Biofilm
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2025
This video demonstrates an in vitro assay to study neutrophil-biofilm interaction. The pathogenic bacteria embedded in the biofilm and isolated neutrophils were tagged using fluorescent labels, and the immune response by the neutrophils and the evasion of the immune response by the bacteria were assessed using a fluorescence microscope.
08:45
Assay for Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP)-Triggered Immunity (PTI) in Plants
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Cited by 23 •
2009
A cell death-based assay for PTI in Nicotiana benthamiana plants is described.
FAQs
The measured outcome depends on the immune function being examined. Cytokine release indicates secreted signaling activity, antibody binding measures recognition of a target, cell proliferation reflects expansion after stimulation, and cytotoxicity reveals immune-mediated cell damage. Selecting the readout to match the biological question helps investigators compare host responses and identify mechanisms associated with protection or disease.
The stimulus provides the experimental challenge that activates or tests the immune sample. Researchers may expose cultured cells, serum, or other biological material to an antigen, a pathogen component, or an experimental treatment. Comparing the resulting cytokine, antibody, proliferation, or cytotoxicity measurements shows how different stimuli influence immune activity under standardized conditions.
Standardized conditions make responses easier to compare because samples receive defined stimuli and are evaluated with consistent measurements. This controlled design can help separate treatment-related effects from differences caused by changing experimental conditions. Reproducible results are especially valuable when characterizing host defense, comparing immune responses, or selecting candidates for later animal or clinical studies.
A typical workflow begins by selecting cultured cells, serum, or another relevant sample, then exposing it to an antigen, pathogen component, or experimental treatment. After the response develops, investigators quantify a chosen endpoint, such as cytokine release, antibody binding, proliferation, or cytotoxicity. Results can then be compared across samples or experimental conditions.
Cultured cells provide a cellular system in which responses such as proliferation, cytokine release, or cytotoxicity can be measured. Serum supplies biological material for assessing antibody binding or other fluid-associated immune activity. Choosing between these sample types depends on whether the study focuses on cellular behavior, immune recognition in fluids, or both.
These assays are useful for characterizing host defense, comparing immune responses, and examining mechanisms of protection or disease. They also support evaluation of vaccines and therapeutics by showing how samples respond to relevant stimuli. Because testing occurs under controlled, reproducible conditions, the approach can provide screening evidence before animal studies or clinical investigations.