Nadph Oxidase
Nadph Oxidase - Related Videos
10:42
Bioluminescence Imaging of NADPH Oxidase Activity in Different Animal Models
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Cited by 16 •
2012
NADPH oxidase is the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in phagocytes. Because of the ephemeral nature of ROS, it is difficult to measure and monitor ROS levels in living animals. A minimally invasive method for serial quantification of ROS in living mice is described.
06:53
Visualization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Function using Cytochrome C Oxidase / Succinate Dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) Double-labeling Histochemistry
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Cited by 82 •
2011
The cytochrome c oxidase/sodium dehydrogenase (COX/SDH) double-labeling method allows for direct visualization of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme deficiencies in fresh-frozen tissue sections. This is a straightforward histochemical technique and is useful in investigating mitochondrial diseases, aging, and aging-related disorders.
03:47
Determination of ROS Production by Neutrophils upon Interaction with Opsonized Biofilm
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate an in vitro chemiluminescence assay to detect the generation of reactive oxygen species by neutrophils upon exposure to an opsonized bacterial biofilm.
04:00
A Murine Skin Wound Infection Model to Study the Immune Response against a Bacterial Pathogen
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique to generate a murine model of skin wound infection. Upon infecting mice — engineered to express a fluorescent protein in neutrophils — with a genetically modified bioluminescent Staphylococcus aureus — a pathogenic bacteria. The bacterial burden at the infection site and the neutrophil recruitment dynamics can be studied using whole animal imaging.
03:28
Fluorescent Probe Imaging Assay: A Technique to Visualize Oxidative Stress in the Reactive Oxygen Species Inducer-Treated Cultured Intestinal Organoid Cells
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2025
This video describes the technique of visualizing oxidative stress in cultured organoids. This work helps in understanding the level of oxidative stress due to ROS accumulation in the various cell types present in an organoid after treatment with different ROS modulators.
FAQs
It activates when membrane and cytosolic subunits assemble. This organization allows electrons to move from NADPH to molecular oxygen, producing superoxide. Within phagosomes, superoxide and downstream oxidants create an oxidative environment after engulfment, linking enzyme activation to destruction of bacteria and fungi by innate immune cells.
Molecular oxygen serves as the electron acceptor in the reaction. NADPH donates the electrons, and the initial product is superoxide, which can give rise to downstream oxidants. This sequence matters because it converts reducing power into chemical activity capable of damaging engulfed microbes inside phagosomes.
ROS are useful only when their production is appropriately controlled. In immune defense, they help destroy engulfed bacteria and fungi. If production becomes excessive or misregulated, however, the same oxidative activity may contribute to tissue injury and inflammatory disease. Regulation therefore influences whether oxidants support infection control or damage host tissues.
When NADPH oxidase is defective, immune cells cannot generate the oxidative activity needed for effective microbial killing. This impairment is associated with chronic granulomatous disease, demonstrating the complex’s importance in infection control. The consequence is weakened innate defense against the bacteria and fungi normally targeted after engulfment.
After a target is engulfed, the relevant sequence is assembly, electron transfer, and oxidant generation within the phagosome. Membrane and cytosolic subunits come together during activation; NADPH supplies electrons, molecular oxygen receives them, and superoxide plus downstream oxidants are produced. This sequence explains how cellular activation becomes an antimicrobial response.
Neutrophils and macrophages use the complex as part of their innate response after activation and engulfment. Oxidants formed within phagosomes help these cells destroy bacteria and fungi. Its relevance extends from immediate cellular defense to infection control, because impaired function can undermine this response and produce chronic granulomatous disease.