Pharmaceuticals Aquatic Environment
Pharmaceuticals Aquatic Environment - Related Videos
05:46
Identification of Pharmaceuticals in The Aquatic Environment Using HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS and Elimination of Erythromycin Through Photo-Induced Degradation
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Cited by 12 •
2018
We present a protocol for non-targeted analysis using time of flight mass spectrometry as a perfect tool to identify pharmaceuticals in waters. We demonstrate the application of UV irradiation for their elimination. Analysis involving irradiation, compound isolation, identification and kinetic modelling of the degradation profiles is illustrated.
10:48
Nutrients in Aquatic Ecosystems
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2023
Source: Laboratories of Margaret Workman and Kimberly Frye - Depaul University Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential plant nutrients found in aquatic ecosystems and both are monitored as a part of water quality testing because in excess amounts they can cause significant water quality problems. Nitrogen in water is measured as the common form nitrate (NO3-) that is dissolved in water and readily absorbed by photosynthesizers such as algae. The common form of phosphorus measured is phosphate...
07:00
Failure of Cleaning Verification in Pharmaceutical Industry Due to Uncleanliness of Stainless Steel Surface
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Cited by 2 •
2017
The lack of a well-defined procedure that consistently cleaned coupon surfaces was identified as the major contributor to low and variable recoveries in cleaning verification. This manuscript describes the correct protocol of cleaning stainless steel coupons.
08:30
Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry
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Cited by 8 •
2018
Flow cytometry in combination with visual clustering offers an easy-to-use and fast method for studying aquatic biofilms. It can be used for biofilm characterization, detection of changes in biofilm community structure, and detection of abiotic particles embedded in the biofilm.
05:31
Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
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Cited by 5 •
2018
Most microplastic research to date has occurred in marine systems where suspended solid levels are relatively low. Focus is now shifting to freshwater systems, which may feature high sediment loads and floating debris. This protocol addresses collecting and analyzing microplastic samples from aquatic environments that contain high suspended solid loads.
FAQs
Their environmental fate depends on chemical properties, degradation, sorption, and dilution. Degradation can transform parent compounds into other products, while sorption transfers compounds from water to sediments. These processes influence how long residues remain available and where exposure may occur, so evaluating both original pharmaceuticals and transformation products is important for understanding contamination.
Conventional wastewater treatment may remove pharmaceutical compounds incompletely, allowing some residues to pass into receiving waters. Removal performance is influenced by the compounds’ chemical properties and by processes such as degradation and sorption. Consequently, treated wastewater can remain an important pathway for environmental exposure and may require additional pollution-control strategies.
Because pharmaceutical compounds are biologically active, environmental exposure may interfere with physiological processes in aquatic organisms. The potential effect depends on which compounds are present, their persistence, their transformation, and the exposure conditions created by dilution or sediment association. Monitoring therefore supports evaluation of ecological relevance rather than relying only on measured concentrations in water.
Several pathways contribute residues, including human and veterinary excretion, manufacturing discharges, runoff, and improper disposal. These sources can differ in timing, location, and chemical composition, producing contamination in surface water, groundwater, wastewater, or sediments. Identifying the contributing pathway helps investigators connect measured compounds with appropriate pollution-control or safer-use strategies.
Monitoring examines pharmaceutical compounds and their transformation products across relevant environmental compartments, including surface water, groundwater, wastewater, and sediments. The resulting information helps determine where residues occur and supports assessment of exposure for aquatic organisms. These measurements also provide evidence for evaluating wastewater treatment performance, environmental risks, and pollution-control priorities.
It is important when authorities or researchers need to evaluate exposure of aquatic organisms, identify emerging contaminants, or judge whether treatment and disposal practices adequately limit pollution. Risk assessment can consider persistence, chemical behavior, degradation, sorption, and dilution alongside ecological effects. The findings support improved wastewater treatment and strategies for safer pharmaceutical use and disposal.