Dimethyl Sulfoxide Toxicity
Dimethyl Sulfoxide Toxicity - Related Videos
02:35
Long-Term Cryopreservation of Cyanobacterial Strains Using Glycerol or Dimethyl Sulfoxide
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2025
Source: Lea-Smith, D. J., et al. Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species. J. Vis. Exp. (2016)This video demonstrates the cryopreservation of cyanobacterial strains by combining concentrated cell suspensions with glycerol or DMSO and storing them at low temperatures, enabling long-term maintenance of viable cultures for photosynthesis and genetic studies.
13:59
Methods to Identify the NMR Resonances of the 13C-Dimethyl N-terminal Amine on Reductively Methylated Proteins
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Cited by 4 •
2013
Two methods for assigning the α- and ε-dimethylamine nuclear magnetic resonance signals of a reductively 13C-methylated N-terminal lysine are described. One method utilizes the pH-induced selectivity of the reductive methylation reaction, and the other uses aminopeptidase to selectively remove the N-terminal lysine.
09:06
Growth Assays to Assess Polyglutamine Toxicity in Yeast
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Cited by 3 •
2012
This manuscript describes three complementary protocols for assessing the toxicity of polyglutamine (polyQ)-expansion proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These protocols can easily be modified to monitor the toxicity of other misfolded proteins in yeast.
11:53
Quantitative Proteomics Using Reductive Dimethylation for Stable Isotope Labeling
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Cited by 38 •
2014
Stable isotope labeling of peptides by reductive dimethylation (ReDi labeling) is a rapid, inexpensive strategy for accurate mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics. Here we demonstrate a robust method for preparation and analysis of protein mixtures using the ReDi approach that can be applied to nearly any sample type.
09:49
Kupffer Cell Isolation for Nanoparticle Toxicity Testing
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Cited by 28 •
2015
Liver macrophages, named Kupffer cells, are responsible for the capture of circulating nanoparticles. We describe here a method, of high cell purity and yield, for Kupffer cell isolation. The modified LDH assay is used here to measure the toxicity induced by carbon nanotubes in Kupffer cells.
FAQs
The central mechanism is DMSO’s ability to pass readily through biological membranes. At excessive or inappropriate exposure, this penetration can irritate tissues and alter membrane function. These effects help explain why the same property that supports medical and laboratory use can also create toxicity concerns, particularly when exposure conditions are not carefully controlled.
Concentration, dose, route, and duration are the primary variables determining harmful effects. A formulation with a higher concentration, a larger dose, a different administration route, or longer contact time may produce a different biological response. Evaluating these factors together is therefore more informative than judging risk from the solvent name alone.
DMSO can enhance absorption of compounds carried in the solvent because it penetrates biological membranes. Consequently, toxicity may reflect not only DMSO exposure but also increased delivery of the dissolved substance. This interaction matters in drug-delivery research and requires attention to the complete formulation rather than evaluating the solvent separately.
Evaluation connects the formulation’s concentration and dose with its route and duration of exposure, then considers observed biological effects. This process supports safer formulation decisions, exposure control, and clinical monitoring. It also helps distinguish adverse effects associated with DMSO-containing treatments from effects that may arise from the compound delivered in the solvent.
Medical applications include use as a cryoprotectant, a topical preparation, and a vehicle for drug delivery. Each application requires balancing the intended function against concentration-, dose-, route-, and duration-dependent harm. Toxicity assessment is especially relevant when DMSO enables contact with tissues or changes how another compound is absorbed.
Practical safeguards include controlling exposure conditions, selecting formulations carefully, and monitoring patients when DMSO-containing treatments are used. Researchers and clinicians can use toxicity findings to interpret adverse effects, refine delivery approaches, and maintain a clearer connection between the intended medical benefit and the biological effects produced by the formulation.