Muscle Graft
Muscle Graft - Related Videos
02:58
Muscle Grafting as a Surgical Strategy for Restoring Blood Flow to the Mouse Brain After Stroke
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2025
Source: Paro, M. R., et.al. A Model for Encephalomyosynangiosis Treatment after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Stroke in Mice. J. Vis. Exp. (2022).This video demonstrates a surgical procedure to graft a vascularized muscle onto the brain surface following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. The graft promotes new blood vessel formation in the ischemic region, enhancing oxygen and nutrient supply. Over time, the integrated muscle supports neuronal survival and aids in...
07:37
Mouse Models for Graft Arteriosclerosis
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Cited by 17 •
2013
We describe protocols for our mouse graft arteriosclerois (GA) models which involve interposition of a mouse vessel segment into a recipient of the same inbred strain. By backcrossing additional genetic changes into the vessel donor, the model can assess the effect of specific genes on GA.
13:04
Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model
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Cited by 13 •
2015
Here, we present a protocol to generate tissue engineered vessel grafts that are functional for grafting into mice by double seeding partially induced pluripotent stem cell (PiPSC) - derived smooth muscle cells and PiPSC - derived endothelial cells on a decellularized vessel scaffold bioreactor.
05:47
Isolation and Transplantation of Different Aged Murine Thymic Grafts.
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Cited by 14 •
2015
This report provides a detailed description of transplanting murine thymi from different aged donor mice under the kidney capsule of immunodeficient mouse recipients. The goal of this approach is to model T cell development and thymic selection events in vivo.
08:18
Engineered Vascularized Muscle Flap
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Cited by 6 •
2016
To date, thick tissue defects are typically reconstructed by applying autologous tissue flaps or engineered tissues. In this protocol, we present a new method for engineering vascularized tissue flap bearing an autologous pedicle, to serve as a substitute to autologous flaps.
FAQs
Vascular integration is an early determinant of graft viability. After implantation, the transplanted tissue must establish connections with the host blood supply, supporting survival while muscle precursor cells proliferate and differentiate. Immune compatibility also affects the outcome. Together, vascularization and compatibility determine whether the graft can progress toward functional repair rather than remaining poorly supported tissue.
Muscle precursor cells provide the cellular basis for rebuilding contractile tissue. Their proliferation increases the available precursor population, while differentiation converts those cells into muscle fibers. These stages are distinct from neural reconnection: cellular rebuilding can occur before surviving or regenerating motor axons establish neuromuscular junctions. This helps explain why tissue formation alone does not guarantee restored contraction.
Neuromuscular junctions are the critical interface between regenerated muscle fibers and motor axons. Surviving or regenerating axons must connect accurately with the graft for neural signals to support contractile activity. Successful reinnervation therefore depends not only on axon survival or regeneration, but also on where connections form. This makes grafts useful for examining peripheral nerve injury and motor recovery.
Outcomes vary because several linked conditions must be satisfied: the graft must remain viable, develop vascular connections, support precursor-cell growth and differentiation, and achieve accurate neural connectivity. Immune compatibility adds another source of variation. A graft may therefore show tissue replacement without equivalent functional recovery, making vascular, cellular, immune, and neural factors important when interpreting results.
Evaluation follows the biological sequence after implantation. Investigators consider whether vascular connections form, whether muscle precursor cells proliferate and differentiate into fibers, and whether motor axons survive or regenerate into neuromuscular junctions. The final concern is contractile activity, because it reflects the combined outcome of tissue viability, muscle formation, and neural connectivity rather than any single stage.
Within neuroscience, muscle grafts provide a system for studying reinnervation, the return of neural connections to muscle, and motor recovery after peripheral nerve injury. They also support investigation of tissue replacement and reconstructive repair. Researchers can relate axon regeneration and neuromuscular-junction formation to contractile activity, linking cellular events in the graft with functional outcomes relevant to motor recovery.