Name: Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy (Video) | JoVE Journal
Uploaded: 2025-06-27T14:35:00.000+00:00
Duration: 7 min 21 s
Description: Explore EEG signal acquisition for neurodivergent children during dolphin-assisted therapy using standardized protocols and computational analysis. This framework enables replicable assessment of brain activity changes and therapeutic outcomes.

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This article is supported by the National Polytechnic Institute (Instituto Polit&#233;cnico Nacional) of M&#233;xico through project No. 20250776, granted by the Secretariat of Research and Postgraduate (Secretar&#237;a de Investigaci&#243;n y Posgrado), Secretar&#237;a de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog&#237;a e Innovaci&#243;n (SECIHTI). Additionally, the research described in this work was conducted at the Center for Computing Research (Centro de Investigaci&#243;n en Computaci&#243;n). It should be noted that this research is a major part of the doctoral thesis entitled Estandarizaci&#243;n de la recolecci&#243;n de se&#241;ales EEG de ni&#241;os neurodivergentes durante Terapias Asistidas por Delfines, bajo el Paradigma de la Ciencia de Sistemas, supported by the work of Brenda Lorena Flores Hidalgo, work directed by Dr. Oswaldo Morales Matamoros and Dr. Jes&#250;s Jaime Moreno Escobar. Furthermore, support has been received through the scholarship granted with CVU 1145035 by the Secretar&#237;a de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog&#237;a e Innovaci&#243;n (SECIHTI).

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

Dolphin-assisted therapy (DAT) emerged as a therapeutic modality for individuals with&#8194;autism and developmental24,25. DAT offers life-enriching, fresh experiences to participants, stimulating interest and sensory engagement in an arresting backdrop25,26. However, there are several limitations that affect the interpretation of the efficacy of DAT, including the demands for controlled experimental desi...

The cultural differences between various human groups largely depend on their cognitive abilities. While some individuals can adapt to these cultural norms, others often face marginalization. Therefore, it is essential for these individuals to participate in sessions that promote their integration into human society1.
Children with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often require a combination of physical and alternative therapies for comprehensive and effective rehabilitation2,3. It is important to note that, in addition to conventional therapies, alternative therapies have been developed to holistically address the physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects of patients. These therapies aim to complement traditional approaches and promote a more complete recovery2,4. When recommended by health professionals, these therapies can serve as valuable complements to conventional medicine3.
One alternative therapy that has garnered increasing public interest due to its advancements in pain relief and improvement in learning skills in children with disabilities is Dolphin-Assisted Therapy (DAT)5. This therapy leverages the interaction between humans and dolphins, typically pregnant or nursing bottlenose dolphins, in an aquatic environment to improve the quality of life of children with different abilities.
Currently, DAT lacks a fully standardized method, as variations have been observed in the processes applied to patients, therapists and/or specialists involved, session duration and frequency, as well as the type of dolphin and its training to achieve therapeutic effects6,7,8. According to Jette et al.9, the standardization of these therapies enhances data collection for research, as consistent data collection allows for comparative studies and the development of new evidence-based therapeutic strategies.
The absence of a standardized data capture system in DAT complicates the objective evaluation of its effects, limiting the comparability of results across studies. Despite the growing popularity of DAT, the methodological framework used to monitor patient changes varies considerably depending on the institution and research team, resulting in inconsistent and even contradictory outcomes10,11.
This variability has raised concerns within the scientific community, as there are no reliable parameters to measure therapeutic efficacy in terms of cognitive, emotional, or behavioral improvements in patients12. The lack of standards also affects the development of rigorous protocols, potentially leading to biased interpretations of results obtained in different DAT studies.
Variability in electroencephalographic (EEG) signal acquisition procedures, such as electrode placement, equipment calibration, and environmental conditions, can introduce inconsistencies in the results, complicating the interpretation of therapeutic effects and comparisons across studies13,14. Therefore, it is essential to standardize the data capture process for EEG signals in these therapies to obtain more accurate and reliable data, thereby contributing to the optimization of therapeutic practices and providing solid evidence of the effectiveness of DAT.
A standardized protocol promotes greater transparency in studies. When uniform methods are used, data and procedures can be shared more openly and effectively, allowing other researchers to verify and validate results. This is particularly important in emerging or underexplored fields, where researchers heavily rely on the replication and validation of previous studies to advance the understanding of the subject15.
A standardized data capture system, particularly one based on the use of neurophysiological tools such as electroencephalography, could provide more accurate data on the effects of DAT on the brain activity of neurodivergent patients. Although EEG is a non-invasive and widely used method to study brain activity, its application in monitoring alternative therapies remains inconsistent, affecting the reliability and validity of the data obtained16.
Alternative therapies, such as DAT, offer researchers an opportunity to explore the effects of treatments on patients&#39; brains by analyzing brain signals like EEG, combined with mathematical techniques and artificial intelligence tools to assess the efficacy and efficiency of various interventions.
This study, therefore, describes a proposed testing protocol to evaluate treatment outcomes in M&#233;xico for children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders, incorporating DAT. This proposal was carefully developed in collaboration with Delfiniti M&#233;xico, specialists in human-dolphin interaction, focusing not only on swimming activities but also on dolphin-mediated therapeutic interventions.

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electroencephalographic signal acquisition framework for neurodiverse: a case study of dolphin-assisted therapy

Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy

This protocol details the essential steps for acquiring and recording electroencephalographic (EEG) signals in neurodivergent children before, during, and after participating in Dolphin-Assisted Therapy (DAT) sessions. Its main objective is to provide consistent and reliable data that allow for an accurate assessment of brain activity at various stages of the therapeutic process. The protocol establishes a clear framework for comparing the obtained EEG signals, ensuring that each recording meets the standards required for effective analysis and interpretation. To this end, a comprehensive approach is used that combines electronic tools and mathematical methods, such as power spectral analysis, to identify changes in children's brain activity during the intervention. Furthermore, the replicability of the results is ensured, favoring validity and consistency in scientific studies related to the therapy. This protocol, by standardizing data acquisition, seeks to optimize therapeutic outcomes and provide a solid basis for comparing different studies on the impact of DAT on childhood neurodiversity. Furthermore, it provides a robust system for future research, facilitating objective interpretation of therapy effects and improving interventions.

This study describes the process of acquisition and analysis of EEG signals through a simulated UI in IDE, complemented by the application of a standardized method for data collection. This approach provides a reference framework that facilitates comparability between studies and ensures reproducibility, enabling other researchers to replicate the procedures and obtain consistent results in various contexts.
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Here we present a protocol for acquiring and recording electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from neurodivergent children before, during, and after participating in dolphin-assisted therapy (DAT) sessions.

This protocol details the essential steps for acquiring and recording electroencephalographic (EEG) signals in neurodivergent children before, during, and ...

electroencephalographic-signal-acquisition-framework-for-neurodiverse

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Explore EEG signal acquisition for neurodivergent children during dolphin-assisted therapy using standardized protocols and computational analysis. This framework enables replicable assessment of brain activity changes and therapeutic outcomes.

Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy

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