Neural Pathway
Neural Pathway - Related Videos
07:55
Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation
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Cited by 12 •
2010
This video demonstrates how to visualize axonal pathways of genetically defined groups of neurons in the embryonic chick spinal cord utilizing in ovo electroporation of reporter genes under the control of specific enhancer elements.
10:32
Enumeration of Neural Stem Cells Using Clonal Assays
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Cited by 5 •
2016
Neural stem cells (NSCs) refer to cells which can self-renew and differentiate into the three neural lineages. Here, we describe a protocol to determine NSC frequency in a given cell population using neurosphere formation and differentiation under clonal conditions.
01:27
C4 Pathway and CAM
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2019
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy. C4 Pathway The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
09:52
Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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Cited by 9 •
2020
This article describes new approaches to measure and strengthen functionally specific neural pathways with transcranial magnetic stimulation. These advanced noninvasive brain stimulation methodologies can provide new opportunities for the understanding of brain-behavior relations and development of new therapies to treat brain disorders.
09:48
Neural Activity Propagation in an Unfolded Hippocampal Preparation with a Penetrating Micro-electrode Array
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Cited by 2 •
2015
We have developed an in vitro unfolded hippocampus which preserves CA1-CA3 array of neurons. Combined with the penetrating micro-electrode array, neural activity can be monitored in both the longitudinal and transverse orientations. This method provides advantages over hippocampal slice preparations as the propagation in the entire hippocampus can be recorded simultaneously.
FAQs
Neural pathways combine two signaling stages: an electrical impulse moves along a neuron's axon, and communication continues at a synapse when the neuron releases neurotransmitters. Those molecules bind receptors on a neighboring cell, allowing activity to pass from one cellular element to the next. This electrical-to-chemical transition links separate neurons into coordinated functional routes.
Neurotransmitter receptors matter because they determine where a released chemical signal can act: the molecules bind receptors on neighboring cells at the synapse. This step connects one neuron's activity to the next cell and helps researchers examine how communication is organized within a pathway rather than only tracking electrical impulses.
Repeated activity can alter the strength of connections within a neural pathway. Connections may become stronger or weaker over time, changing how signals move through the route. This form of change provides a biological basis for investigating learning and memory, where experience-related pathway modification is more informative than a static map of neuronal connections.
Different pathway functions can be studied by following the information they carry and the response they coordinate. Sensory routes help explain how stimuli are processed, whereas motor routes illuminate control of movement; related circuits also contribute to behavior regulation. Comparing these roles connects cellular signaling with observable nervous-system functions.
Mapping disrupted neural pathways helps researchers identify how altered communication may relate to neurological disorders. The resulting pathway-level information can also guide investigation of targeted therapies by linking a problem to a particular route rather than treating the nervous system as a single undifferentiated network. This makes pathway mapping useful for disease research and therapeutic development.
Studying connections among the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves shows how the nervous system communicates across its major regions. This broader view helps relate local neuronal signaling to whole-system outcomes, including sensation, movement, behavior, and regulation. It is especially useful when researchers need to connect a pathway's location with its biological role.