Solenoid Valves
Solenoid Valves - Related Videos
01:18
Solenoids
0 Views •
2026
A solenoid is a conducting wire coated with an insulating material, wound tightly in the form of a helical coil. The magnetic field for a solenoid is the vector sum of the magnetic field due to its individual turns. For an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field inside is almost uniform and parallel to the solenoid axis, while the magnetic field outside the solenoid is nearly zero. Each turn in a solenoid can be approximated as a circular current carrying coil that generates a dipole moment. The...
01:18
Magnetic Field of a Solenoid
0 Views •
2026
A solenoid is a conducting wire coated with an insulating material, wound tightly in the form of a helical coil. The magnetic field due to a solenoid is the vector sum of the magnetic fields due to its individual turns. Therefore, for an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field within the solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length and the current. Conversely, the magnetic field outside the solenoid is zero. Consider a solenoid with 100 turns wrapped around a cylinder of...
07:12
Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves
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Cited by 7 •
2011
A cyclic pressure bioreactor capable of subjecting heart valve tissue to physiological and pathological pressure conditions has been designed. A LabVIEW program allows users to control pressure magnitude, amplitude and frequency. This device can be used to study the mechanobiology of heart valve tissue or isolated cells.
08:55
Isolation and Characterization of Primary Rat Valve Interstitial Cells: A New Model to Study Aortic Valve Calcification
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Cited by 16 •
2017
This protocol describes the isolation, culture, and calcification of rat-derived valve interstitial cells, a highly physiological in vitro model of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Exploitation of this rat model facilitates CAVD research in exploring the cell and molecular mechanisms that underlie this complex pathological process.
10:18
Multi-step Variable Height Photolithography for Valved Multilayer Microfluidic Devices
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Cited by 26 •
2017
Multilayer microfluidic devices often involve the fabrication of master molds with complex geometries for functionality. This article presents a complete protocol for multi-step photolithography with valves and variable height features tunable to any application. As a demonstration, we fabricate a microfluidic droplet generator capable of producing hydrogel beads.
FAQs
Applying current to the coil creates a magnetic field that moves the ferromagnetic plunger against the spring or valve seat. This movement changes the position of the internal flow path, allowing the system to start or stop liquid or gas movement. When current is removed, the valve returns to its alternate state, supporting repeatable control during automated experiments.
A normally closed design keeps the flow path closed when the coil is not energized and opens when current moves the plunger. A normally open design behaves oppositely, remaining open without current and closing when energized. Selecting between them determines the system’s default fluid state during pauses, power-off conditions, or programmed switching sequences.
Rapid and repeatable switching lets an automated system deliver fluids or gases according to controlled experimental sequences. In biological work, this supports consistent media delivery, perfusion, sampling, and gas regulation without requiring each operation to be performed manually. The valve therefore links electrical control with precisely timed fluidic changes in cell culture and bioreactor workflows.
The coil, ferromagnetic plunger, spring, and valve seat work together to control the path. The coil produces the magnetic field, the plunger moves in response, and the spring or seat establishes the opposing or resting position. Their interaction determines whether energizing or de-energizing the device permits flow, which is central to configuring an automated fluidic system.
The valve is positioned within the relevant liquid or gas pathway, and its coil is connected to an electrical control system. Researchers then assign energized and de-energized states to the desired flow actions and coordinate switching with the experiment. This arrangement allows fluid delivery, perfusion, gas handling, or sampling to become part of an automated sequence.
In biological systems, these valves can regulate media delivery, perfusion, microfluidic movements, gas supply, and sampling. They are especially useful in cell culture and bioreactor systems, where fluid or gas conditions must be managed repeatedly as part of an experiment. Their integration with automation helps maintain controlled operating conditions while reducing dependence on manual intervention.