Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy - Related Videos
12:45
Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Cited by 2 •
2017
The establishment of a chronic asynchronous heart failure (HF) model by rapid pacing combined with left bundle branch ablation is presented. Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging and aortic velocity time integral are applied to validate this stable HF model with left ventricular asynchrony and the benefits of cardiac resynchronization therapy.
11:51
Construction of Defined Human Engineered Cardiac Tissues to Study Mechanisms of Cardiac Cell Therapy
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Cited by 16 •
2016
This manuscript describes the creation of defined engineered cardiac tissues using surface marker expression and cell sorting. The defined tissues can then be used in a multi-tissue bioreactor to investigate mechanisms of cardiac cell therapy in order to provide a functional, yet controlled, model system of the human heart.
04:40
Creation of Cardiac Tissue Exhibiting Mechanical Integration of Spheroids Using 3D Bioprinting
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Cited by 55 •
2017
This protocol describes 3D bioprinting of cardiac tissue without the use of biomaterials. 3D bioprinted cardiac patches exhibit mechanical integration of component spheroids and are highly promising in cardiac tissue regeneration and as 3D models of heart disease.
10:16
Assessing Stem Cell DNA Integrity for Cardiac Cell Therapy
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Cited by 4 •
2019
Here, we provide a detailed description of an experimental setup for an analysis of the assessment of DNA integrity in stem cells prior to cell transplantation.
08:25
Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
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Cited by 11 •
2015
Streptococcus pneumoniae forms discrete non-purulent microscopic lesions in the heart. Outlined is the protocol for a murine model of cardiac microlesion formation. Instruction is provided on microlesion visualization using microscopy, discrimination between early and late microlesions, and methods to detect cardiac remodeling in hearts of convalescent animals.
FAQs
A prolonged QRS complex signals delayed ventricular electrical activation, a form of electrical dyssynchrony that can make contraction less coordinated. CRT addresses this timing problem by delivering impulses through multiple leads rather than relying solely on the heart’s delayed conduction pattern. The intended result is more coordinated ventricular activation, which can improve pumping efficiency in appropriately selected patients with reduced ejection fraction.
The three lead locations provide access to distinct cardiac regions involved in electrical coordination. The right atrial and right ventricular leads, together with the lead in the coronary venous system, allow timed impulses to be delivered across the heart. This arrangement supports more coordinated activation of both ventricles when conduction delays disrupt normal timing, making lead placement central to the therapy’s intended effect.
CRT coordinates ventricular activation to address inefficient contraction caused by electrical dyssynchrony. Defibrillation provides a separate therapeutic function that may be integrated into the same platform when clinically indicated. Combining these capabilities allows one specialized system to support resynchronization while also providing defibrillation, but the two functions address different cardiac problems and should not be considered interchangeable.
Selection centers on the combination of heart failure, reduced ejection fraction, and evidence of electrical dyssynchrony. A prolonged QRS complex is an important indicator that ventricular activation is delayed and may be poorly coordinated. Because CRT is intended for selected patients rather than all individuals with heart failure, these clinical and electrical features help identify situations in which coordinated activation may provide meaningful benefit.
A CRT system uses a specialized device connected to leads positioned in the right atrium, right ventricle, and coronary venous system. These locations give the device access to the electrical pathways needed to coordinate ventricular activation. The arrangement is clinically important because effective resynchronization depends on delivering timed impulses across the relevant cardiac regions rather than stimulating only one ventricular site.
Potential benefits include reduced heart failure symptoms, improved functional capacity, and reverse cardiac remodeling. Symptom improvement reflects how the patient feels and functions, while remodeling describes favorable changes in cardiac structure and performance. These outcomes help connect the therapy’s electrical effect with clinical status, although the overview emphasizes that such benefits occur in appropriately selected patients rather than universally.