Epicardial Injection
Epicardial Injection - Related Videos
07:44
Epicardial Outgrowth Culture Assay and Ex Vivo Assessment of Epicardial-derived Cell Migration
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Cited by 9 •
2016
Here, we describe methods for isolating primary mouse epicardial cells by an outgrowth culture assay and assessing the functional migration of epicardial-derived cells (EPDC) using an ex vivo heart culture system. These protocols are suitable for identifying genetic and chemical modulators of epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and motility.
06:31
In Vitro Culture of Epicardial Cells From Mouse Embryonic Heart
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Cited by 13 •
2016
The epicardium is an essential source of multipotent cardiovascular progenitor cells and paracrine factors that are required for cardiovascular development and regeneration. We describe here a method to culture mouse embryonic epicardial cells.
09:17
High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
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Cited by 20 •
2011
This report provides a detailed description of the methodology and results of simultaneous endocardial and epicardial optical mapping of electrical excitation in the intact left atrium of a Langendorff-perfused sheep heart during stretch-induced atrial fibrillation.
09:11
Cell-based Therapy for Heart Failure in Rat: Double Thoracotomy for Myocardial Infarction and Epicardial Implantation of Cells and Biomatrix
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Cited by 8 •
2014
Implantation of a biograft to treat myocardial infarction induced by LAD ligation in a rodent model has conventionally required two open-heart surgeries. In order to reduce mortality and provide optimal conditions for fixation of solid and gelatinous biomatrices associated with cells, minimally invasive procedures have been developed.
07:20
Cell Labeling and Injection in Developing Embryonic Mouse Hearts
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Cited by 3 •
2014
We describe a series of methods to inject dyes, DNA vectors, virus, and cells in order to monitor both cell fate and phenotype of endogenous and grafted cells derived from embryonic or pluripotent cells within mouse embryos at embryonic day (E)9.5 and later stages of development.
FAQs
Its therapeutic effect depends on placing an agent at the epicardial surface so it can diffuse toward the myocardium, the heart’s underlying muscle layer. This positioning concentrates treatment near the intended cardiac tissue while limiting exposure throughout the rest of the body. The approach is therefore relevant when researchers need localized delivery rather than broad systemic distribution.
Accurate targeting, tissue retention, and biocompatibility strongly influence the result. Targeting determines whether the material reaches the intended epicardial region, while retention affects how long it remains available for diffusion into the myocardium. Biocompatibility indicates whether the delivered material is suitable for contact with cardiac tissue, making all three important for therapeutic performance and experimental interpretation.
Localized delivery places the therapeutic material close to the cardiac tissue under study, whereas systemic exposure distributes treatment more broadly throughout the body. This difference can help limit unnecessary systemic exposure while focusing the intervention near the heart. The benefit depends on successful targeting, adequate diffusion into the myocardium, and retention at the intended site.
The procedure can accommodate several classes of therapeutic material, including drugs, biomaterials, cells, and gene therapy vectors. These options allow researchers to investigate different strategies for influencing damaged or diseased cardiac tissue. The selected agent must be considered alongside tissue retention, biocompatibility, and the need for localized access to the epicardium.
A needle is used to deposit the selected material into or beneath the epicardium. The procedure requires accurate targeting and safe access to the beating heart, because placement determines whether the agent reaches the intended cardiac tissue. After delivery, diffusion into the myocardium, local retention, and compatibility with the tissue are central considerations for evaluating the intervention.
Researchers apply it to investigations of cardiac regeneration, myocardial infarction repair, drug delivery, and localized cardiac disease. These applications use the epicardial route to position therapeutic materials near the relevant heart tissue. In translational cardiovascular medicine, the technique helps connect localized experimental delivery with potential treatment strategies for damaged or diseased myocardium.
Evaluation should consider whether the material was accurately targeted, remained in the tissue, and diffused into the myocardium. Investigators also need to examine biocompatibility and the safety of accessing the beating heart. Together, these factors indicate whether the intervention provided localized cardiac exposure while limiting unwanted systemic distribution and supporting the intended research application.