Overview
A phase I reaction is a biochemical process that introduces a functionally reactive polar group to a substance. This transformation predominantly occurs in the liver, facilitated by the cytochrome P450 system of hemoproteins situated in the lipophilic endoplasmic reticulum of cells. The metabolite generated through this process can have varying polarities. If it is sufficiently polar, it can be easily excreted in the urine due to its water compatibility. However, if the metabolite is nonpolar, it must undergo an additional phase II reaction. This subsequent reaction converts the nonpolar metabolite into a polar conjugate, enhancing its excretability. During hepatic drug oxidation, the oxidized form of P450 initially binds with the parent drug, creating a binary-drug complex. This complex is then reduced by NADPH–P450 reductase. Following this reduction, the complex uses molecular oxygen and another electron to form an "activated oxygen"-P450-substrate complex. The activated oxygen is then transferred to the drug, creating the oxidized drug metabolite. In conclusion, the monooxygenase P450 cycle plays a crucial role in a phase I reaction, oxidizing a parent drug and introducing a hydroxyl group.…
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Embed code vs URL
An embed code allows you to place a JoVE video directly inside of your learning or training environment. Most learning management systems such as Canvas, Blackboard, and Moodle require an embed code for JoVE content to stream.
A URL allows you to place a link in programs such as PowerPoint or Microsoft Word which takes a user to a separate page where they can watch a JoVE video.
Most of the time, you will want to use the embed code. However, there are some environments that don’t support embed codes such as Google Classrooms and MS Teams. In those instances, you can use a URL to still provide access to JoVE videos.
What is an Embed Code?
Basically, it’s a snippet of code that you put on your website that displays as a video. An embed code pulls the video from the original source, allowing you to display a video without having to host the file on your website.
How to embed a video
STEP 1: COPY YOUR EMBED CODE
To generate the embed code, simply click the Copy button above. You can customize it by choosing a specific language for the video, or setting exact dimensions for the video player.
STEP 2: PASTE THE EMBED CODE INTO YOUR ENVIRONMENT
Embed codes can be used in most learning management systems (Canvas, Blackboard, Moodle…), organizational websites, and a host of other tools. The specifics of how to add in an embed code will depend on your environment.
Generally, it involves accessing a text editor, entering the HTML mode on the editor, and pasting in the embed code. Get more details on embedding into specific environments here.