Effector Memory T Cells
Effector Memory T Cells - Related Videos
09:59
Imaging Effector Memory T cells in the Ear After Induction of Adoptive DTH
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Cited by 2 •
2008
Here we demonstrate a method for inducing and recording the progress of a delayed type-hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in the rat ear. This is followed by a demonstration of the preparation of rat ear tissue for two-photon imaging of the effector / memory T cell response.
09:42
A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
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Cited by 10 •
2017
This report describes a method to induce chronic experimental autoimmune dry eye in Lewis rats through immunization with an emulsion of rat lacrimal gland extract, ovalbumin, and complete Freund's adjuvant, followed by the injection of lacrimal gland extract and ovalbumin into the forniceal subconjunctiva and lacrimal glands six weeks later.
15:57
Application of Long-term cultured Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay for Assessing Effector and Memory T Cell Responses in Cattle
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Cited by 13 •
2015
Long-term cultured interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assay is used as a measure of central memory responses and correlates with protective anti-mycobacterial vaccine responses. With this assay, peripheral blood mononuclear cells are stimulated with mycobacterial antigens and interleukin-2 for 14 days, enabling differentiation and expansion of central memory T cells.
12:23
Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions
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Cited by 5 •
2015
Effector translocation into host cells via a type III secretion system is a common virulence strategy among gram-negative bacteria. A beta-lactamase effector fusion based assay for quantitative analysis of translocation was applied. In Yersinia infected cells, conversion of a FRET reporter by the beta-lactamase is monitored using laser scanning microscopy.
08:39
Electroporation of Functional Bacterial Effectors into Mammalian Cells
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Cited by 7 •
2015
Electroporation was used to insert purified bacterial virulence effector proteins directly into living eukaryotic cells. Protein localization was monitored by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. This method allows for studies on trafficking, function, and protein-protein interactions using active exogenous proteins, avoiding the need for heterologous expression in eukaryotic cells.
FAQs
Reduced expression of CCR7 and CD62L changes where these cells circulate compared with lymphoid-homing memory populations. Instead of being directed primarily toward lymphoid tissues, they can move through peripheral tissues. This positioning places them closer to sites where familiar antigens may reappear, supporting a rapid, localized response during infection or other immune challenges.
Re-exposure triggers Effector Memory T Cells to produce cytokines, which help coordinate immune activity at the affected site. Cytotoxic subsets also release molecules that kill infected or abnormal cells. These two response patterns provide complementary protection: cytokine production influences the surrounding immune response, while direct cellular killing removes target cells carrying the familiar antigen.
The main functional distinction concerns where the two memory populations are positioned for recall. Effector memory cells have reduced expression of receptors associated with lymphoid homing, including CCR7 and CD62L, favoring access to peripheral tissues. Central memory cells are therefore contrasted by their lymphoid-oriented distribution, whereas effector memory cells support more localized protection.
Their value in infection control comes from combining prior antigen experience with access to peripheral tissues. When a familiar infectious antigen is encountered again, these cells can respond through cytokine production and, for cytotoxic subsets, destruction of infected cells. This supports rapid protection at the location where the immune challenge is occurring.
They provide a cellular framework for examining whether earlier immune responses can produce protection that is both durable and rapidly available in peripheral tissues. In vaccine development, their cytokine responses and cytotoxic activity are relevant outcomes to consider. In chronic infection studies, their behavior helps researchers investigate long-term immune protection and responses to recurring antigen exposure.
Effector Memory T Cells are relevant because their tissue access and recall functions can influence immune responses beyond lymphoid organs. In transplant immunity, researchers can study how these cells respond to familiar antigens in peripheral tissues. In T-cell-based cancer therapies, their cytokine production and cytotoxic killing capacity are important features for understanding responses against abnormal cells.