Surface Marker Modulation
Surface Marker Modulation - Related Videos
08:52
Isolation and Enrichment of Liver Progenitor Subsets Identified by a Novel Surface Marker Combination
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Cited by 3 •
2017
Liver injuries are accompanied by progenitor cell expansion that represents a heterogeneous cell population. Novel classification of this cellular compartment allows for the distinguishing of multiple subsets. The method described here illustrates the flow cytometry analysis and high purity isolation of various subsets that can be used for further assays.
03:20
Labeling Neural Cell Surface Markers with Azidosugar while Co-culturing with Endothelial Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates a protocol for co-culturing mouse brain endothelial cells and primary cortical stem cells and labeling the cell surface glycoproteins using Ac4ManNAz (azidosugar per-O-acetylated N-azidoacetylmannosamine). This method allows for selective enrichment and identification of cell surface proteins in primary cells.
10:32
Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
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Cited by 21 •
2014
Mouse embryonic fibroblast can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells at low efficiency by the forced expression of transcription factors Oct-4, Sox-2, Klf-4, c-Myc. The rare intermediates of the reprogramming reaction are FACS isolated via labeling with antibodies against cell surface makers Thy-1.2, Ssea-1, and Epcam.
09:38
FSL Constructs: A Simple Method for Modifying Cell/Virion Surfaces with a Range of Biological Markers Without Affecting their Viability
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Cited by 38 •
2011
Function-Spacer-Lipid (FSL) constructs allow the surface characteristics of living cells and virions to be modified without loss of vitality. The method requires only simple contact of an FSL construct solution with a cell/virion and spontaneous and stable surface incorporation occurs.
11:39
Identifying Cell Surface Markers of Primary Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells by Metabolic Labeling of Sialoglycan
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Cited by 1 •
2019
Presented here is a protocol that combines an in vitro neural-endothelial co-culture system and metabolic incorporation of sialoglycan with bioorthogonal functional groups to expand primary neural stem and progenitor cells and label their surface sialoglycoproteins for imaging or mass-spectrometry analysis of cell surface markers.
FAQs
Changes in surface marker display can arise through several distinct routes: altered synthesis, modified transport to the membrane, internalization from the surface, or shedding into the surrounding environment. These mechanisms can produce similar measured decreases or increases while reflecting different cellular processes. Separating them conceptually helps interpret whether a marker shift reflects delivery, removal, or loss from the cell.
Cytokines, antigen-receptor signals, and pathogen-derived stimuli can each alter the amount or distribution of displayed markers. Depending on the signal and cellular context, expression may increase, decrease, or become redistributed across the membrane. Such changes can modify antigen recognition, movement through tissues, and communication with other immune cells, linking external stimulation to functional immune behavior.
Redistribution matters because surface markers do more than identify a cell: their display can influence how the cell interacts with its environment. A shift in availability may affect recognition, migration, activation of other cells, or susceptibility to detection, even when the underlying cell has not been described as changing its identity. This makes display changes relevant to immune responses.
Flow cytometry can measure patterns of surface-marker display across cells, making it useful for detecting increases, decreases, or altered marker states. In immunology, these measurements help characterize immune responses and distinguish cellular states. The resulting profiles provide an experimental readout of how cells respond to cytokine, receptor-mediated, or pathogen-associated stimulation.
During infection studies, surface-marker patterns can reveal infection-associated changes in immune cells and help monitor how cellular states shift. This approach connects molecular changes at the membrane with broader questions about recognition, tissue migration, and immune activation. It can support characterization of host responses without treating every marker change as evidence of the same underlying mechanism.
Changes in displayed markers can serve as measurable indicators when researchers evaluate potential therapeutic effects on immune cells. Flow-cytometric measurements may show whether treatment-associated patterns correspond to altered cellular states or immune responses. Interpreting these shifts alongside their possible mechanisms, including synthesis, transport, internalization, or shedding, can provide context for understanding the observed outcome.