Name: chemical symbols and element names
Uploaded: 2023-06-23T15:38:43.000Z
Duration: 1 min 9 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Georgia Standards of Excellence

9-12

Physical Science

SPS2.

Chemical Names and Chemical Formulas

Chemical Symbols

Chemische Symbole sind die ein- oder zweibuchstabigen Abkürzungen für ein Element im Periodensystem, wie z. B. C für Kohlenstoff, H für Wasserstoff, O für Sauerstoff oder Co für Kobalt.
Der erste Buchstabe eines chemischen Symbols wird immer groß geschrieben. Wenn das Symbol aus zwei Buchstaben besteht, wird der zweite Buchstabe in Kleinbuchstaben geschrieben, um eine Verwechslung mit einem zweiatomigen Molekül zu vermeiden, das mit denselben Buchstaben geschrieben wird.
Die meisten chemischen Symbole basieren auf dem ersten oder den ersten beiden Buchstaben des englischen Namens des Elements, während einige Symbole von ihrem lateinischen oder griechischen Namen abgeleitet sind.
Fe für Eisen leitet sich vom lateinischen Namen Ferrum ab, und Natrium wird für seinen lateinischen Namen Natrium als Na bezeichnet. Ebenso ist Aurum der lateinische Name für Gold, daher ist sein Symbol Au.
Ein chemisches Symbol kann zusätzliche Informationen über dieses Element enthalten, z. B. seine Ordnungszahl, die normalerweise als linksgestellter Index geschrieben wird, und seine Massenzahl, die in der Regel als links-hochgestellter Index geschrieben wird.

chemische symbole

Ein chemisches Symbol ist eine Abkürzung, die verwendet wird, um ein Element oder ein Atom eines Elements anzugeben. Zum Beispiel ist das Symbol für Quecksilber Hg. Wir verwenden dasselbe Symbol, um ein Atom Quecksilber (mikroskopischer Bereich) anzugeben oder um einen Behälter vieler Atome des Elements Quecksilber (makroskopischer Bereich) zu kennzeichnen. Einige Symbole leiten sich vom allgemeinen Namen des Elements ab. Andere sind Abkürzungen des Namens in einer anderen Sprache. Die meisten Symbole bestehen aus einem oder zwei Buchstaben. Drei-Buchstaben-Symbole wurden jedoch auch verwendet, um einige Elemente mit einer höheren Ordnungszahl als 112 zu beschreiben. Um Verwechslungen mit anderen Bezeichnungen zu vermeiden, wird nur der erste Buchstabe eines Symbols großgeschrieben. Zum Beispiel ist Co das Symbol für das Element Kobalt, aber CO ist die Bezeichnung für das Molekül Kohlenstoffmonoxid, welches Atome der Elemente Kohlenstoff (C) und Sauerstoff (O) enthält. Traditionell benennt der Entdecker (oder die Entdecker) eines neuen Elements das Element. Allerdings basiert der empfohlene Name des neuen Elements, solange er nicht durch die International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) anerkannt ist, auf dem lateinischen Wort für seine Ordnungszahl. Zum Beispiel wurde das Element 106 für mehrere Jahre Unnilhexium (Unh) genannt, das Element 107 Unnilseptium (Uns) und das Element 108 Unniloctium (Uno). Diese Elemente sind jetzt nach Wissenschaftlern (oder gelegentlich nach Orten) benannt. Zum Beispiel ist das Element 106 nun bekannt als Seaborgium (Sg) zu Ehren von Glenn Seaborg, einem Nobelpreisträger, der an der Entdeckung mehrerer schwerer Elemente beteiligt war. Element 109, Meitnerium, wurde zu Ehren von Lise Meitner benannt, die die Kernspaltung entdeckt hat, ein Phänomen, das weltverändernde Auswirkungen haben würde. Der Text wurde angepasst von <a href="https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/2-3-atomic-structure-and-symbolism">Openstax, Chemistry 2e, Section 2.3: Atomic Structure and Symbolism</a>

Chemische Symbole

Ein chemisches Symbol ist eine Abkürzung, die verwendet wird, um ein Element oder ein Atom eines Elements zu bezeichnen. Das Symbol für Quecksilber ist zum Beispiel Hg. Wir verwenden die ...

Education

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JoVE Core

Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomie und Physiologie

Unit 1

Einheit 1

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Grundlagen der Chemie

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

KERNBEGRIFFE UND KONZEPTE

chemical symbols and element names

Chemical symbols are short abbreviations that stand for an element or a single atom of that element. Mercury, for example, has the symbol Hg. The same symbol can point to one atom of mercury in the microscopic domain or to a sample labeled as many atoms of mercury in the macroscopic domain.

Many symbols come from the element’s common name. Others are shortened from a name in another language. Most chemical symbols use one or two letters. For a few elements with atomic numbers above 112, three-letter symbols have also been used.

Capitalization matters in chemical notation. Only the first letter of a symbol is capitalized, which helps avoid confusion with other symbols. Co means cobalt, but CO means carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide contains carbon, written as C, and oxygen, written as O.

New elements are traditionally named by the discoverer or discoverers. Before the name is accepted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, or IUPAC, the temporary name is based on Latin words for the element’s atomic number. Element 106 was called unnilhexium (Unh), element 107 was unnilseptium (Uns), and element 108 was unniloctium (Uno) for several years.

Many newly named elements now honor scientists or sometimes places. Element 106 is now seaborgium (Sg), named for Glenn Seaborg, a Nobel Prize winner who helped discover several heavy elements. Element 109 is meitnerium, named for Lise Meitner, whose work on nuclear fission had world-changing impacts.

Chemical Symbols and Element Names

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chemical symbols

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Chemical Symbols and Element Names

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