Name: chemical symbols and element names
Uploaded: 2023-06-23T15:38:43.000Z
Duration: 1 min 9 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Georgia Standards of Excellence

9-12

Physical Science

SPS2.

Chemical Names and Chemical Formulas

Chemical Symbols

化学記号は、周期表の元素の1文字または2文字の略語であり、炭素のC、水素のH、酸素のO、コバルトのCoなどです。
化学記号の最初の文字は常に大文字になります。記号に 2 つの文字がある場合、同じ文字を使用して書かれた二原子分子と間違えないように、2 番目の文字は小文字で書かれます。
ほとんどの化学記号は、元素の英語名の最初の2文字または最初の2文字に基づいていますが、一部の記号はラテン語またはギリシャ語の名前に由来しています。
鉄のFeはラテン語の名前Ferrumに由来し、ナトリウムはラテン語の名前NatriumにちなんでNaと表記されます。同様に、Aurumはラテン語で金の名前であるため、その記号はAuです。
化学記号には、原子番号(通常は左の下付き文字で書かれる)や質量番号(通常は左の上付き文字で書かれる)など、その元素に関する追加情報を含めることができます。

化学記号

化学記号は、元素または元素の原子を示すために使用される略語です。たとえば、水銀の記号はHgです。私たちは、微視的ドメインで水銀の1つの原子を示すために同じ記号を使用したり、元素水銀の多くの原子を含む容器にラベルを付けたりします（巨視的ドメイン）。 一部の記号は元素の一般名から派生しています。他の記号は別の言語の名前の省略形です。ほとんどの記号は1つまたは2つの文字ですが、原子番号が112より大きい一部の元素を説明するために3文字の記号が使用されています。他の表記法との混同を避けるため、記号の最初の文字だけが大文字になります。たとえば、Coは元素コバルトの記号ですが、COは化合物一酸化炭素の表記法で、元素炭素（C）と酸素（O）の原子を含んでいます。 伝統的に、新しい元素の発見者（または発見者）が元素の名前を付けます。ただし、名前が国際純正化学連合（IUPAC）に承認されるまで、新しい元素の推奨名はその原子番号に基づいたラテン語の単語です。たとえば、元素106はしばらくの間、ウンニルヘキシウム（Unh）と呼ばれていました。元素107は一セプチウム（Uns）と呼ばれ、元素108はしばらくの間、一オクチウム（Uno）と呼ばれていました。これらの元素は現在、科学者（または場所によって時折）にちなんで名前が付けられています。たとえば、元素106はグレン・シーボーグに敬意を表してシーボーギウム（Sg）として知られるようになりました。グレン・シーボーグはノーベル賞受賞者であり、いくつかの重い元素の発見に関与していました。元素109、マイトネリウムは、核分裂を発見したリーゼ・マイトナーに敬意を表して名付けられました。核分裂は世界を変える影響を持つ現象です。 このテキストは<a href="https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/2-3-atomic-structure-and-symbolism"> Openstax, Chemistry 2e, Section 2.3: Atomic Structure and Symbolism</a>

化学記号は、元素または元素の原子を示すために使用される略語です。たとえば、水銀の記号はHgです。私たちは...

Education

JoVE Core

Anatomy and Physiology

解剖生理学

Unit 1

ユニット1

Fundamentals of Chemistry

化学の基礎

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

主要用語と概念

chemical symbols and element names

Chemical symbols are short abbreviations that stand for an element or a single atom of that element. Mercury, for example, has the symbol Hg. The same symbol can point to one atom of mercury in the microscopic domain or to a sample labeled as many atoms of mercury in the macroscopic domain.

Many symbols come from the element’s common name. Others are shortened from a name in another language. Most chemical symbols use one or two letters. For a few elements with atomic numbers above 112, three-letter symbols have also been used.

Capitalization matters in chemical notation. Only the first letter of a symbol is capitalized, which helps avoid confusion with other symbols. Co means cobalt, but CO means carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide contains carbon, written as C, and oxygen, written as O.

New elements are traditionally named by the discoverer or discoverers. Before the name is accepted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, or IUPAC, the temporary name is based on Latin words for the element’s atomic number. Element 106 was called unnilhexium (Unh), element 107 was unnilseptium (Uns), and element 108 was unniloctium (Uno) for several years.

Many newly named elements now honor scientists or sometimes places. Element 106 is now seaborgium (Sg), named for Glenn Seaborg, a Nobel Prize winner who helped discover several heavy elements. Element 109 is meitnerium, named for Lise Meitner, whose work on nuclear fission had world-changing impacts.

Chemical Symbols and Element Names

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the periodic table and organismal elements

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atomic structure

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chemical symbols

Chemical symbols are short abbreviations that stand for an element or a single atom of that element. Mercury, for example, has the symbol Hg. The same symbol can point to one atom of mercury in the microscopic domain or to a sample labeled as many atoms of mercury in the macroscopic domain. Many symbols come from the element’s common name. Others are shortened from a name in another language. Most chemical symbols use one or two letters. For a few elements with atomic numbers above 112,...

atomic number and mass number

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isotopes and radioisotopes

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electron behavior

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colloids and suspensions

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key terms and concepts

Learn how chemical symbols identify elements, why capitalization matters, and how new elements get temporary Latin names before IUPAC approval.

Chemical Symbols and Element Names | JoVE K12

anatomy and physiology

JoVE Core 解剖学と生理学では、人体の解剖学的および生理学的な詳細を、包括的で明確で魅力的なビデオ アニメーションで紹介します。このレッスン集は、人体の構造、コンポーネント、機能、要件に焦点を当てています。この知識を実際の医療および研究現場で応用することを実証する科学者による実際のビデオによって補完されています。

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Chemical Bonds

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Melting Points

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ionic-compounds-formulas-and-nomenclature

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molecular-compounds-formulas-and-nomenclature

Molecular Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

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A chemical symbol is an abbreviation that is used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. We use the ...

Chemical Formulas

A chemical formula presents information about the proportions of atoms constituting a particular chemical compound or molecule, mainly using symbols of ...

Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain how atoms bond to form stable compounds.

Chemical Symbols and Element Names

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