Genotypic Resistance Testing
Genotypic Resistance Testing - Related Videos
08:23
SNP Genotyping
0 Views •
2023
Single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, are the most common form of genetic variation in humans. These differences at individual bases in the DNA often do not directly affect gene expression, but in many cases can still be useful for locating disease-associated genes or for diagnosing patients. Numerous methodologies have been established to identify, or “genotype”, SNPs.JoVE’s introduction to SNP Genotyping begins by discussing what SNPs are and how they can be used to identify...
06:28
Screening Cotton Genotypes for Reniform Nematode Resistance
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2019
Here, a protocol is presented for the rapid non-destructive screening of cotton genotypes for reniform nematode resistance. The protocol involves visually examining the roots of nematode-infected cotton seedlings to determine infection response. The vegetative shoot from each plant is then propagated to recover plants for seed production.
08:24
Choice and No-Choice Assays for Testing the Resistance of A. thaliana to Chewing Insects
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Cited by 7 •
2008
Plant resistance to chewing insect herbivores can be tested in several ways. Here, we demonstrate how to set-up a choice and a no-choice experiment with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to identify resistance against the pest species Pieris rapae.
10:52
Protocols for Robust Herbicide Resistance Testing in Different Weed Species
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Cited by 22 •
2015
A robust and flexible approach to confirm herbicide resistance in weed populations is presented. This protocol allows the herbicide resistance levels to be inferred and applied to a wide range of weed species and herbicides with minor adaptations.
10:10
Screening of Tobacco Genotypes for Phytophthora nicotianae Resistance
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Cited by 2 •
2022
Here, a protocol is presented for the efficient and accurate screening of tobacco genotypes for Phytophthora nicotianae resistance in seedlings. This is a practical approach for precision breeding, as well as molecular mechanism research.
FAQs
The test identifies genetic changes in the pathogen and compares them with reference patterns associated with reduced susceptibility to particular antimicrobial or antiviral drugs. This comparison connects sequence findings with likely treatment activity. The result helps clinicians recognize when a medicine may be less effective and consider regimen choices that better match the pathogen’s detected genetic profile.
Amplification increases the amount of pathogen DNA or RNA available for analysis, while sequencing determines its genetic sequence. Together, these steps provide the information needed to identify resistance-associated mutations. Because the analysis examines pathogen genetic material from a patient sample, it can reveal molecular evidence relevant to selecting treatment when resistance is suspected.
A sequence result becomes clinically meaningful when it is compared with reference patterns linked to reduced drug susceptibility. The comparison helps distinguish detected genetic changes that may affect treatment from sequence information without an established resistance interpretation. This step converts molecular data into guidance that can support decisions about effective antimicrobial or antiviral regimens.
It is especially useful when treatment has failed or when resistance is suspected. In these situations, identifying resistance-associated mutations can explain why a current medicine may not be controlling the infection and can support selection of an alternative regimen. The approach is used most extensively for infections such as HIV and hepatitis viruses.
The workflow begins with a patient sample containing pathogen DNA or RNA. The relevant genetic material is amplified, sequenced, and then compared with reference patterns associated with reduced drug susceptibility. Clinicians can use the interpreted findings to assess treatment options, avoid medicines likely to be ineffective, and tailor a regimen to the detected resistance profile.
Results provide molecular information about resistance-associated mutations in the pathogen infecting a particular patient. Clinicians can use that information to select a regimen that is less likely to include ineffective medicines. This individualized approach may improve long-term disease control by aligning treatment choices with the pathogen’s detected genetic characteristics rather than relying only on a standard regimen.
In addition to supporting treatment selection, resistance findings can contribute to surveillance of emerging resistance. Aggregated molecular evidence helps reveal genetic patterns associated with reduced drug susceptibility across infectious diseases. This broader use gives medicine a way to monitor changes in pathogen resistance while the individual result guides management of infections such as HIV and hepatitis.