Toxicological Effects
Toxicological Effects - Related Videos
11:38
High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)
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Cited by 23 •
2016
The objective of the study was to assess the biological impact of 15 cigarette smoke constituents using a combination of an impedance-based real time cell analyzer and a high-content screening (HCS)-based platform for toxicological assessment in vitro. This study provides information on effective doses, toxicity and modes of action of the tested compounds.
10:26
Toxicological Assays for Testing Effects of an Epigenetic Drug on Development, Fecundity and Survivorship of Malaria Mosquitoes
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Cited by 8 •
2015
A protocol is developed to examine the effects of an epigenetic drug DZNep on the development, fecundity and survivorship of mosquitoes. Here we describe procedures for the aqueous exposure of DZNep to immature mosquitoes and a blood-based exposure of DZNep to adult mosquitoes in addition to measuring SAH hydrolase inhibition.
09:33
Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors
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Cited by 1 •
2018
This manuscript describes the use of genetically-encoded fluorogenic reporters in an application of live-cell imaging for the examination of xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress. This experimental approach offers unparalleled spatiotemporal resolution, sensitivity, and specificity while avoiding many of the shortcomings of conventional methods used for the detection of toxicological oxidative stress.
08:59
An Intestine/Liver Microphysiological System for Drug Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Assessment
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Cited by 3 •
2020
We exposed a microphysiological system (MPS) with intestine and liver organoids to acetaminophen (APAP). This article describes the methods for organoid production and APAP pharmacokinetic and toxicological property assessments in the MPS. It also describes the tissue functionality analyses necessary to validate the results.
02:19
Buffer Effectiveness
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2020
Buffer solutions do not have an unlimited capacity to keep the pH relatively constant . Instead, the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH relies on the presence of appreciable amounts of its conjugate weak acid-base pair. When enough strong acid or base is added to substantially lower the concentration of either member of the buffer pair, the buffering action within the solution is compromised. The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
FAQs
Dose, exposure route, and duration can change both the severity and interpretation of toxicological effects. A given agent may produce different outcomes depending on how much reaches the organism, how exposure occurs, and how long it continues. Considering these variables helps researchers distinguish exposure-related patterns from isolated behavioral variation and improves evaluation of potential hazards.
Cellular processes, neurotransmission, and brain function provide mechanistic links between exposure and behavior. Disruption at these levels can help explain why an organism shows altered activity, learning, memory, sensory responses, or social interactions. Examining this connection moves interpretation beyond noting a behavioral change and toward identifying how an agent may affect nervous-system function.
Different behavioral endpoints reveal different dimensions of nervous-system disruption. Changes in activity can indicate altered general behavioral output, whereas learning and memory measures address cognitive performance. Sensory responses and social interactions add information about perception and social behavior. Using several endpoint types gives a broader basis for interpreting toxicological effects than relying on one measure alone.
A basic assessment workflow can begin by characterizing dose, exposure route, and duration, then selecting behavioral outcomes that match the research question. Investigators may examine activity, learning, memory, sensory responses, or social interactions and relate observed changes to potential effects on cellular processes, neurotransmission, or brain function. This approach connects measurable behavior with mechanistic interpretation.
In environmental health studies and drug safety evaluation, researchers can use behavioral findings to identify toxic hazards and examine whether an agent produces nervous-system disruption. The same evidence can contribute to broader risk assessment and help inform protective exposure limits when exposure conditions and observed outcomes are considered together.
Outcomes are most informative when interpreted alongside dose, route, duration, and a proposed biological mechanism. Researchers can use changes in activity, learning, memory, sensory responses, or social interactions to characterize the nature of a hazard, while mechanistic evidence helps clarify significance. This integrated view supports decisions about safety and exposure control.