Genome Plasmid
Genome Plasmid - Related Videos
08:16
Plasmid Purification
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2023
Plasmid purification is a technique used to isolate and purify plasmid DNA from genomic DNA, proteins, ribosomes, and the bacterial cell wall. A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA that is used as a carrier of specific DNA molecules. When introduced into a host organism via transformation, a plasmid will be replicated, creating numerous copies of the DNA fragment under study. In this video, a step-by-step generalized procedure is described for how to perform plasmid purification.
08:31
Genome Editing
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2023
A well-established technique for modifying specific sequences in the genome is gene targeting by homologous recombination, but this method can be laborious and only works in certain organisms. Recent advances have led to the development of “genome editing”, which works by inducing double-strand breaks in DNA using engineered nuclease enzymes guided to target genomic sites by either proteins or RNAs that recognize specific sequences. When a cell attempts to repair this damage, mutations can be...
08:31
Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
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Cited by 2 •
2013
Single Virus Genomics (SVG) is a method to isolate and amplify the genomes of single virons. Viral suspensions of a mixed assemblage are sorted using flow cytometry onto a microscope slide with discrete wells containing agarose, thereby capturing the virion and reducing genome shearing during downstream processing. Whole genome amplification is achieved using multiple displacement amplification (MDA) resulting in genomic material that is suitable for sequencing.
02:44
Generation of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Through Plasmid Transfection
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2026
Source: Ding, J., et al. Preparation of rAAV9 to Overexpress or Knockdown Genes in Mouse Hearts. J. Vis. Exp. (2016)This video demonstrates the production of recombinant adeno-associated virus particles through plasmid transfection in mammalian cells. It highlights the coordinated expression of Rep, Cap, and helper proteins that drive viral genome replication and capsid assembly within the nucleus.
14:26
Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
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Cited by 59 •
2016
This paper presents a sensitive method called Circle-Seq for purifying extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA). The method encompasses column purification, removal of remaining linear chromosomal DNA, rolling-circle amplification and high-throughput sequencing. Circle-Seq is applicable to genome-scale screening of eukaryotic eccDNA and studying genome instability and copy-number variation.
FAQs
The origin of replication provides the starting point for copying plasmid DNA using replication functions supplied by the host cell. This allows the molecule to be duplicated as the cell grows and divides, helping preserve plasmid-encoded traits in bacterial populations. Its activity is therefore central to maintaining engineered constructs or naturally occurring genetic functions across generations.
Some plasmids can move between cells, allowing their genetic information to spread independently of ordinary reproduction. When transferred genes include antibiotic resistance or specialized metabolic functions, recipient cells may gain new capabilities. This process links plasmid biology to microbial adaptation because useful traits can disseminate through a population and influence genome evolution.
Plasmid-carried genes are maintained separately from the main chromosome, so their distribution can change through replication and movement between cells. A plasmid may introduce traits such as antibiotic resistance or specialized metabolism into bacteria that previously lacked them. This separate genetic location can accelerate the appearance and spread of functions relevant to changing environments.
Compatibility with the host’s replication machinery is essential. The plasmid origin of replication must support recognition and copying by the cell, allowing the DNA molecule to persist as the host reproduces. If that relationship is not effective, the inserted genetic information may not be maintained. This consideration matters when selecting plasmids for biological or genetic-engineering studies.
A typical cloning workflow uses a plasmid as a DNA framework, incorporates an inserted sequence, and includes a selectable marker to help identify cells carrying the intended construct. The resulting recombinant DNA can then support gene-function studies or gene expression. The specific design depends on the sequence being investigated and the biological product or outcome sought.
Selectable markers help researchers distinguish cells that contain the engineered plasmid from those that do not. After constructing recombinant DNA, investigators use the marker as an indicator of successful uptake and maintenance of the construct. This makes it easier to identify cells for subsequent analysis of an inserted sequence, gene function, expression, or biological production.
Researchers use plasmid-based systems when they need to introduce an inserted sequence into a host cell and examine its activity. Such constructs can support studies of gene function, production of biological products, or genetic engineering. Because plasmids replicate separately from the main chromosome, they provide a distinct DNA platform for carrying and investigating selected genetic information.