Neuromodulator Delivery
Neuromodulator Delivery - Related Videos
02:37
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery for Noninvasive Neuromodulation in a Mouse Model
0 Views •
2025
Source: Zhan, J., et al. Non-invasive Strategies for Chronic Manipulation of DREADD-controlled Neuronal Activity. J. Vis. Exp. (2019)This video demonstrates a non-invasive ophthalmic drug delivery method for targeted neuromodulation. The drug is delivered via eye drops, absorbed into the circulation, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and activates specific neuronal receptors.
02:56
Ultrasound-Induced Neuromodulation Using a Microelectrode Array System
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2025
This video demonstrates the method for inducing the modulation of neural activity in cultured human iPSC-derived neurons in a multi-well microelectrode array, or MEA system using a focused ultrasound transducer.
04:50
Neuromodulation and Mitochondrial Transport: Live Imaging in Hippocampal Neurons over Long Durations
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Cited by 7 •
2011
We describe a protocol that allows imaging of mitochondria in living neurons via fluorescence microscopy over long durations. Imaging over extended periods is accomplished through lentivirus-mediated expression of a mitochondrially targeted fluorescent protein and use of an inexpensive stage-top incubator that was designed and built in our laboratory.
03:47
Assessing Metabolic Neuromodulation Induced by Acute Deep Brain Stimulation in Rats Using In Vivo FDG-PET
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2025
Source: Casquero-Veiga, M. et al. In vivo Positron Emission Tomography to Reveal Activity Patterns Induced by Deep Brain Stimulation in Rats. J. Vis. Exp. (2022).This video demonstrates the metabolic effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) using FDG-PET imaging in a rat model. It outlines the steps involved in FDG administration, DBS application, and PET/CT imaging to map brain regions with increased or suppressed metabolic activity.
03:26
Fixation of Ultrasound Transducers for Spinal Cord Neuromodulation in Mice
0 Views •
2025
This protocol describes an ultrasound transducer fixation system specifically designed for ultrasound stimulation of the spinal cord in awake mice. The method employs a fixation system to ensure accurate positioning of the ultrasound transducer while simultaneously allowing the experimental subjects to move freely without compromising the precision of stimulation.
FAQs
Neuromodulator delivery outcomes depend on how quickly an agent is released, how far it diffuses, how stable it remains, and how readily surrounding tissue takes it up. These factors shape the concentration and duration reaching a neural circuit, so the same agent can produce different effects when delivered under different conditions.
These approaches differ mainly in how they place and control an agent near selected neural tissue. Local infusion provides a direct route, implanted devices support placement within the tissue, and engineered carriers transport chemical or biological agents. The choice affects how precisely researchers can influence a circuit and how release occurs around the target.
Stability determines whether a chemical or biological agent remains available after placement, while tissue uptake influences how much reaches nearby neural structures. Together, these properties affect the reliability of signaling changes in the target tissue. Accounting for both helps researchers interpret whether an observed neural, behavioral, or physiological response reflects the intended delivery.
A controlled experiment begins by selecting the neuromodulator and a route suited to the neural tissue of interest. Researchers then place the agent through local infusion, an implanted device, or an engineered carrier and consider its release rate, diffusion, stability, and uptake. Measuring resulting circuit, behavioral, or physiological changes helps evaluate delivery performance.
By placing an agent near selected neural circuits, researchers can examine how altered chemical signaling changes circuit activity, behavior, or physiology. This provides experimental control over where signaling is influenced and helps connect neuromodulator action with broader biological responses. The approach is therefore useful for investigating communication between neural elements and the functions of specific circuits.
Neuromodulator delivery helps investigate conditions in which abnormal signaling contributes to disease-related effects. Its ability to influence selected neural tissues supports research on pain, movement disorders, and other neurological conditions. Findings from controlled delivery experiments can also inform therapeutic strategies by showing how targeted modulation might affect neural function and associated physiology.