Cancer Biomarkers
Cancer Biomarkers - Related Videos
13:19
Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
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Cited by 16 •
2013
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), which occupy 8% of the human genome, retain scarce coding capacities but a hundred thousand long terminal repeats (LTRs). A custom Affymetrix microarray was designed to identify individual HERV locus expression and was used on prostate cancer tissues as a proof of concept for future clinical studies.
12:24
Computed Tomography-guided Time-domain Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography in Small Animals for Localization of Cancer Biomarkers
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Cited by 18 •
2012
Diffuse fluorescence tomography offers a relatively low-cost and potentially high-throughout approach to preclinical in vivo tumor imaging. The methodology of optical data collection, calibration, and image reconstruction is presented for a computed tomography-guided non-contact time-domain system using fluorescent targeting of the tumor biomarker epidermal growth factor receptor in a mouse glioma model.
07:47
Multiomics Analysis of TMEM200A as a Pan-Cancer Biomarker
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2023
Here, a protocol is presented in which multiple bioinformatic tools are combined to study the biological functions of TMEM200A in cancer. In addition, we also experimentally validate the bioinformatics predictions.
08:29
Biomarkers in an Animal Model for Revealing Neural, Hematologic, and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD
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Cited by 29 •
2012
We describe a rat model of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that reveals the persistent alterations in neuroendocrine function and the delayed long-term, exaggerated fear response, characteristic of PTSD patients. The animal model and methods described here are useful for correlating biomarkers in brain nuclei, which are mechanistic but cannot be measured in patients, with biomarkers in peripheral white blood cells, which can.
08:28
An Overview of bGDGT Biomarker Analysis for Paleoclimatology
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jeff Salacup - University of Massachusetts Amherst Throughout this series of videos, natural samples were extracted and purified in search of organic compounds, called biomarkers, that can relate information on climates and environments of the past. One of the samples analyzed was sediment. Sediments accumulate over geologic time in basins, depressions in the Earth into which sediment flows through the action of fluid (water or air), movement, and gravity. Two main types...
FAQs
Biological origin affects what a cancer biomarker can reveal. A marker may come directly from tumor cells or reflect the body’s response to disease, so its signal can describe cancer presence, tumor characteristics, or behavior. This distinction helps researchers interpret whether a measurement is primarily informative about the tumor itself or about the biological response surrounding it.
The clinical value of a marker depends on the decision it informs. Some measurements support detection or diagnosis, while others provide prognostic information about likely disease behavior or indicate sensitivity to a particular therapy. Separating these purposes prevents a result used to characterize cancer from being interpreted automatically as evidence that a treatment will work.
Genetic and cellular features can distinguish one cancer subtype from another and expose differences in growth patterns. DNA sequencing and molecular profiling are useful because they reveal underlying molecular variation. In biology and oncology, that information can connect tumor classification with treatment selection and support investigations into the mechanisms responsible for different disease behaviors.
Reliability is central because biomarker results influence detection, prognosis, treatment selection, and monitoring. Ongoing validation tests whether a marker consistently provides useful information, while also supporting the search for markers linked to emerging targeted and immune-based treatments. In cancer biology, validation connects an interesting molecular signal with evidence that it can support research or care.
Testing begins with choosing an appropriate biological sample, such as tissue, blood, or another sample relevant to the investigation. The analytical method then depends on the marker being measured: immunoassays can assess molecular signals, whereas DNA sequencing and molecular profiling examine genetic or broader molecular features. Matching sample and method helps generate interpretable evidence.
A practical workflow links measurement to a defined purpose. Investigators or clinicians obtain a biological sample, measure the relevant molecular, genetic, or cellular feature, and interpret the result in relation to detection, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment selection, or monitoring. The same general workflow can therefore support different decisions, depending on which cancer characteristic the test is designed to reveal.
In cancer biology, biomarkers provide a way to connect molecular or cellular observations with tumor behavior and clinical decisions. They can help characterize disease, follow changes during monitoring, and identify features associated with treatment sensitivity. This makes them useful not only in patient care but also in research aimed at more precise oncology and at developing targeted or immune-based treatments.