Genetic Transformation
Genetic Transformation - Related Videos
05:01
Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation: A Method to Genetically Transform the Rice Genome via Genetically Engineered Agrobacterium tumefaciens
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate genetic transformation of the rice genome using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vector. This bacterium facilitates the transfer of a foreign DNA plasmid using Agrobacterium virulence proteins.
12:13
TransFLP — A Method to Genetically Modify Vibrio cholerae Based on Natural Transformation and FLP-recombination
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Cited by 37 •
2012
A quick method to modify the genome of V. cholerae is described. These modifications include the deletion of single genes, gene clusters and genomic islands as well as the integration of short sequences (e.g. promoter elements or affinity-tag sequences). The method is based on the natural transformation and FLP-recombination.
07:50
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Narrowleaf Plantain
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Cited by 7 •
2023
Because of its versatile application as a model species in various fields of study, there is a need for a genetic transformation toolkit in narrowleaf plantain (Plantago lanceolata). Here, using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, a protocol is presented that results in stable transgenic lines with a transformation efficiency of 20%.
08:30
Yeast Transformation and Cloning
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2023
S. cerevisiae are unicellular eukaryotes that are a commonly-used model organism in biological research. In the course of their work, yeast researchers rely upon the fundamental technique of transformation (the uptake of foreign DNA by the cell) to control gene expression, induce genetic deletions, express recombinant proteins, and label subcellular structures. This video provides an overview of how and why yeast transformation is carried out in the lab. The important features of yeast...
10:38
An Overview of Genetic Engineering
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2023
Genetic engineering – the process of purposefully altering an organism’s DNA – has been used to create powerful research tools and model organisms, and has also seen many agricultural applications. However, in order to engineer traits to tackle complex agricultural problems such as stress tolerance, or to realize the promise of gene therapy for treating human diseases, further advances in the field are still needed. Important considerations include the safe and efficient delivery of genetic...
FAQs
Cellular competence determines whether a cell can take up extracellular DNA, making it a key control point in genetic transformation. After uptake, the introduced material may remain as a plasmid or become associated with the chromosome through recombination. This distinction influences how the new information is maintained and whether it can contribute to heritable cellular changes.
The fate of introduced DNA reflects two different maintenance routes. A plasmid can persist separately from the chromosome, whereas recombination can incorporate the material into chromosomal DNA. These routes give researchers different ways to examine genetic information in cells: one preserves an extra genetic element, while the other connects the introduced sequence with chromosome-based inheritance.
Uptake alone does not establish a functional outcome. The introduced DNA must be expressed for its encoded information to produce a protein or an observable phenotype. Measuring expression therefore helps connect the genetic material with a cellular effect, allowing researchers to investigate gene function and determine whether the transformation produced the intended biological change.
A typical workflow begins by preparing cells that are competent to take up extracellular DNA. Researchers then introduce the foreign material and determine whether it remains as a plasmid or becomes associated with the chromosome through recombination. The final interpretive step is to examine expression of the encoded protein or phenotype, linking DNA uptake to a measurable biological result.
In biology, researchers apply genetic transformation to test gene function, create recombinant organisms, and produce valuable proteins. It also offers a way to investigate heredity by observing how introduced genetic information affects cells. These uses make the method relevant both to basic studies of biological mechanisms and to work focused on useful engineered traits.
Its applications extend from engineered microbes and crop improvement to experimental models of disease. In each setting, introducing foreign genetic material gives researchers a way to examine or use new genetic information in a biological system. The resulting protein or phenotype can provide an experimental readout while supporting studies of organisms, traits, and disease-related processes.