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Chapter 29

生物多様性と保全

Chapter 29

Biodiversity and Conservation

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Overview Weather refers to the current state of atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place. Weather is temporary and is influenced by the …
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Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. …
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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global …
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Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity …
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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species …
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Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather …
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Conservation biology is a scientific field that focuses on the preservation of biodiversity in order to protect ecosystems while meeting the needs of the …
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As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a …
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Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens …
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Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent …
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Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land …
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Advanced micrometeorological methods have become increasingly important in soil, crop, and environmental sciences. For many scientists without formal …
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The use of natural gas continues to grow with increased discovery and production of unconventional shale resources. At the same time, the natural gas …
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Multiple chemical processes control how crude oil is incorporated into seawater and also the chemical reactions that occur overtime. Studying this system …
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Pollutant concentrations and loads in watersheds vary considerably with time and space. Accurate and timely information on the magnitude of pollutants in …
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Traditional methods of identifying fungal exposures in occupational environments, such as culture and microscopy-based approaches, have several …
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The intimate interaction between plant host and associated microorganisms is crucial in determining plant fitness, and can foster improved tolerance to …