Chapter 0: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Back To Chapter

JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.3: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

TABLE OF
CONTENTS

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Chapter 0: Covalent Bonding and Structure

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.1: What is Organic Chemistry?
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.2: Electronic Structure of Atoms
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.3: Electron Configurations
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.4: Chemical Bonds
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.5: Polar Covalent Bonds
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.6: Lewis Structures and Formal Charges
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.7: VSEPR Theory
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.8: Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.9: Resonance and Hybrid Structures
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.10: Valence Bond Theory and Hybridized Orbitals
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.11: MO Theory and Covalent Bonding
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.12: Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.13: Solubility
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.14: Introduction to Functional Groups
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 1.15: Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

Chapter 0: Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics

30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.1: Chemical Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.2: Enthalpy and Heat of Reaction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.3: Energetics of Solution Formation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.4: Entropy and Solvation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.5: Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.6: Chemical and Solubility Equilibria
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.7: Rate Law and Reaction Order
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.8: Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.9: Multi-Step Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.10: Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.11: Energy Diagrams, Transition States, and Intermediates
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 2.12: Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Chapter 0: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.1: Structure of Alkanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.2: Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.3: Nomenclature of Alkanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.4: Physical Properties of Alkanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.5: Newman Projections
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.6: Conformations of Ethane and Propane
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.7: Conformations of Butane
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.8: Cycloalkanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.9: Conformations of Cycloalkanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.10: Conformations of Cyclohexane
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.11: Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.12: Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.13: Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 3.14: Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Chapter 0: Stereoisomerism

30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.1: Chirality
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.2: Isomerism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.3: Stereoisomers
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.4: Naming Enantiomers
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.5: Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.6: Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.7: Fischer Projections
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.8: Racemic Mixtures and the Resolution of Enantiomers
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.9: Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.10: Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.11: Prochirality
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 4.12: Chirality in Nature

Chapter 0: Acids and Bases

30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.1: Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.2: Lewis Acids and Bases
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.3: Acid and Bases: Ka, pKa, and Relative Strengths
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.4: Position of Equilibrium in Acid-Base Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.5: Molecular Structure and Acidity
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.6: Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 5.7: Solvating Effects

Chapter 0: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides

30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.1: Alkyl Halides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.2: Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.3: Nucleophiles
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.4: Electrophiles
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.5: Leaving Groups
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.6: Carbocations
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.7: SN2 Reaction: Kinetics
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.8: SN2 Reaction: Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.9: SN2 Reaction: Transition State
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.10: SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.11: SN1 Reaction: Kinetics
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.12: SN1 Reaction: Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.13: SN1 Reaction: Stereochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.14: Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN2
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.15: Elimination Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.16: E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.17: E2 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.18: E1 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.19: E1 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 6.20: Predicting Products: Substitution vs. Elimination

Chapter 0: Alkene Structure and Reactivity

30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.1: Structure and Bonding of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.2: Nomenclature of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.3: Degree of Unsaturation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.4: Isomerism in Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.5: Relative Stabilities of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.6: Introduction to Electrophilic Addition Reactions of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 7.7: Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions to Alkenes: Markovnikov's Rule

Chapter 0: Reactions of Alkenes

30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.1: Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.2: Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.3: Halogenation of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.4: Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.5: Acid-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.6: Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.7: Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.8: Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.9: Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.10: Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.11: Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.12: Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.13: Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.14: Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 8.15: Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Chapter 0: Alkynes

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.1: Structure and Physical Properties of Alkynes
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.2: Nomenclature of Alkynes
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.3: Acidity of 1-Alkynes
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.4: Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.5: Preparation of Alkynes: Dehydrohalogenation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.6: Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Halogenation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.7: Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Hydrohalogenation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.8: Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.9: Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.10: Alkynes to Carboxylic Acids: Oxidative Cleavage
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.11: Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 9.12: Reduction of Alkynes to trans-Alkenes: Sodium in Liquid Ammonia

Chapter 0: Alcohols and Phenols

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.1: Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.2: Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.3: Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.4: Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.5: Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.6: Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.7: Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.8: Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Grignard Reaction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.9: Protection of Alcohols
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.10: Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.11: Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 10.12: Oxidation of Alcohols

Chapter 0: Ethers, Epoxides, Sulfides

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.1: Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.2: Physical Properties of Ethers
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.3: Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.4: Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.5: Ethers to Alkyl Halides: Acidic Cleavage
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.6: Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.7: Crown Ethers
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.8: Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.9: Preparation of Epoxides
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.10: Sharpless Epoxidation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.11: Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.12: Base-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.13: Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.14: Preparation and Reactions of Thiols
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 11.15: Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Chapter 0: Aldehydes and Ketones

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.1: Structures of Aldehydes and Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.2: IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.3: IUPAC Nomenclature of Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.4: Common Names of Aldehydes and Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.5: IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Aldehydes and Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.6: NMR Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry of Aldehydes and Ketones
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.7: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Alcohols, Alkenes, and Alkynes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.8: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Nitriles and Carboxylic Acids
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.9: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.10: Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group: General Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.11: Aldehydes and Ketones with Water: Hydrate Formation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.12: Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.13: Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones: Introduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.14: Acetals and Thioacetals as Protecting Groups for Aldehydes and Ketones
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.15: Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.16: Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.17: Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.18: Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.19: Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine and Enamine Formation Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.20: Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine Formation Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.21: Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Enamine Formation Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.22: Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkanes: Wolff–Kishner Reduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.23: Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.24: Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 12.25: Keto–Enol Tautomerism: Mechanism

Chapter 0: Carboxylic Acids

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.1: IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.2: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.3: Acidity of Carboxylic Acids
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.4: Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.5: IR and UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acids
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.6: NMR and Mass Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acids
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.7: Preparation of Carboxylic Acids: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.8: Preparation of Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis of Nitriles
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.9: Preparation of Carboxylic Acids: Carboxylation of Grignard Reagents
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.10: Reactions of Carboxylic Acids: Introduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.11: Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.12: Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.13: Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.14: Carboxylic Acids to Acid Chlorides
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.15: Carboxylic Acids to Primary Alcohols: Hydride Reduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.16: Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 13.17: Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Chapter 0: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.1: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.2: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.3: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.4: Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.5: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.6: Acidity and Basicity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.7: Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.8: Relative Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.9: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.10: Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.11: Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.12: Acid Halides to Amides: Aminolysis
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.13: Acid Halides to Alcohols: LiAlH4 Reduction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.14: Acid Halides to Alcohols: Grignard Reaction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.15: Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.16: Preparation of Acid Anhydrides
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.17: Reactions of Acid Anhydrides
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.18: Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Saponification
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.19: Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.20: Esters to Alcohols: Hydride Reductions
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.21: Esters to Alcohols: Grignard Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.22: Preparation of Amides
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.23: Amides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.24: Amides to Amines: LiAlH4 Reduction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.25: Preparation of Nitriles
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.26: Nitriles to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.27: Nitriles to Ketones: Grignard Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.28: Nitriles to Amines: LiAlH4 Reduction

Chapter 0: α-Carbon Chemistry: Enols, Enolates, and Enamines

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.1: Reactivity of Enols
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.2: Reactivity of Enolate Ions
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.3: Types of Enols and Enolates
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.4: Enolate Mechanism Conventions
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.5: Regioselective Formation of Enolates
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.6: Stereochemical Effects of Enolization
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.7: Acid-Catalyzed α-Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.8: Base-Promoted α-Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.9: Multiple Halogenation of Methyl Ketones: Haloform Reaction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.10: α-Halogenation of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.11: α-Bromination of Carboxylic Acids: Hell–Volhard–Zelinski Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.12: Reactions of α-Halocarbonyl Compounds: Nucleophilic Substitution
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.13: Nitrosation of Enols
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.14: C–C Bond Formation: Aldol Condensation Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.15: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Addition Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.16: Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Addition Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.17: Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.18: Dehydration of Aldols to Enones: Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.19: Intramolecular Aldol Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.20: C–C Bond Cleavage: Retro-Aldol Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.21: Crossed Aldol Reactions: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.22: Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Weak Bases
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.23: Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.24: Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Strong Bases: Directed Aldol Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.25: Aldol Condensation with β-Diesters: Knoevenagel Condensation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.26: Esters to β-Ketoesters: Claisen Condensation Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.27: Esters to β-Ketoesters: Claisen Condensation Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.28: Aldol Condensation vs Claisen Condensation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.29: Intramolecular Claisen Condensation of Dicarboxylic Esters: Dieckmann Cyclization
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.30: β-Dicarbonyl Compounds via Crossed Claisen Condensations
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.31: α-Alkylation of Ketones via Enolate Ions
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.32: Factors Affecting α-Alkylation of Ketones: Choice of Base
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.33: Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.34: Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.35: Conjugate Addition to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.36: Conjugate Addition (1,4-Addition) vs Direct Addition (1,2-Addition)
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.37: Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.38: Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.39: Synthesis of α-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds: The Stork Enamine Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 15.40: Nonenolizable Aldehydes to Acids and Alcohols: The Cannizzaro Reaction

Chapter 0: Dienes, Conjugated Pi Systems, and Pericyclic Reactions

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.1: Structure of Conjugated Dienes
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.2: Stability of Conjugated Dienes
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.3: π Molecular Orbitals of 1,3-Butadiene
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.4: π Molecular Orbitals of the Allyl Cation and Anion
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.5: π Molecular Orbitals of the Allyl Radical
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.6: Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.7: Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.8: Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.9: UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.10: UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.11: Pericyclic Reactions: Introduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.12: Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.13: Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.14: Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.15: Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.16: Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.17: Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.18: [4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.19: Diels–Alder vs Retro-Diels–Alder Reaction: Thermodynamic Factors
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.20: Diels–Alder Reaction Forming Cyclic Products: Stereochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.21: Diels–Alder Reaction Forming Bridged Bicyclic Products: Stereochemistry
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.22: Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.23: Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienophiles
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.24: Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.25: [3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.26: [3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 16.27: Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Chapter 0: Aromatic Compounds

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.1: Aromatic Compounds: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.2: Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.3: Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.4: Structure of Benzene: Kekulé Model
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.5: Structure of Benzene: Molecular Orbital Model
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.7: Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.8: Hückel's Rule Diagram of π MOs: Frost Circle
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.9: Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.13: Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.14: Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.15: Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 17.19: NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds

Chapter 0: Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.4: NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.5: Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.7: Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Halogenation
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.8: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.9: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.10: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.11: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.12: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.13: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Benzene
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.14: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.15: Limitations of Friedel–Crafts Reactions
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.16: Directing Effect of Substituents: ortho–para-Directing Groups
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.17: Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.18: ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.19: ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.20: meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.21: Directing and Steric Effects in Disubstituted Benzene Derivatives
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.23: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Addition–Elimination (SNAr)
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.24: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.25: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN1
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.26: Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.28: Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.29: Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.30: Benzene to Phenol via Cumene: Hock Process
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 18.32: Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

Chapter 0: Amines

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.1: Amines: Introduction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.2: Nomenclature of Primary Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.3: Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.4: Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.5: Structure of Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.6: Physical Properties of Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.7: Basicity of Aliphatic Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.8: Basicity of Aromatic Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.9: Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.10: NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.12: Mass Spectrometry of Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.13: Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.14: Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.15: Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.16: Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.17: Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Amides and Nitriles
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.18: Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.19: Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.20: Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Mechanism
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.21: Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.22: Amines to Alkenes: Hofmann Elimination
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.24: Amines to Alkenes: Cope Elimination
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.25: 1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.26: 1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.27: 2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.28: Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.29: Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.30: Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 19.31: Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test

Chapter 0: Radical Chemistry

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.1: Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.4: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.5: Radical Formation: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.6: Radical Formation: Homolysis
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.7: Radical Formation: Abstraction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.8: Radical Formation: Addition
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.9: Radical Formation: Elimination
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.10: Radical Reactivity: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.11: Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.12: Radical Reactivity: Concentration Effects
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.13: Radical Reactivity: Electrophilic Radicals
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.14: Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.15: Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.16: Radical Autoxidation
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.17: Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.18: Radical Substitution: Halogenation of Alkanes and Alkyl Substituents
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.19: Radical Halogenation: Thermodynamics
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.21: Radical Halogenation: Stereochemistry
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.22: Radical Substitution: Allylic Chlorination
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.23: Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.24: Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.25: Radical Anti-Markovnikov Addition to Alkenes: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.26: Radical Anti-Markovnikov Addition to Alkenes: Mechanism
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.27: Radical Anti-Markovnikov Addition to Alkenes: Thermodynamics
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.28: Vicinal Diols via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: Pinacol Coupling Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.30: Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 20.31: α-Hydroxy Ketones via Reductive Coupling of Esters: Acyloin Condensation Overview

Chapter 0: Synthetic Polymers

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.2: Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.3: Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.4: Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.5: Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.6: Polymer Classification: Architecture
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.7: Polymer Classification: Crystallinity
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.8: Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.10: Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.11: Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.12: Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.13: Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.14: Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
30
JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.16: Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.17: Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.19: Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.20: Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.22: Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.24: Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.25: Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)
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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 21.26: Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

Full Table of Contents

JoVE Core
Organic Chemistry

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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

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JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.2: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

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TRANSCRIPT

The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent acid by replacing the suffix "oic acid" and "ic acid," respectively, with "amide."

Amides, where the nitrogen atom bears alkyl groups, are named as N-alkyl or N,N-dialkyl substituents, with the groups listed in alphabetical order.

When the amide is attached to a ring, the suffix "carboxylic acid" is substituted with "carboxamide."

Cyclic analogues are named by replacing the suffix "oic acid" or "ic acid" with "olactam."

The names bear a prefix indicative of the ring size, denoted by a number for IUPAC names and a Greek letter for common names.

In nitriles, the IUPAC names are derived by adding the suffix "-nitrile" to the parent alkane.

For common names, the suffix "ic acid" of the parent acid is changed to "onitrile."

Lastly, a nitrile group bonded to a cycloalkane is named by citing the parent cycloalkane followed by the suffix "carbonitrile."

JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.3: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides

The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.


IUPAC:	Ethanoic acid	Ethanamide
Common:	Acetic acid	Acetamide

Alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen atom of amides are specified as N-alkyl or N,N-dialkyl, with the groups listed in alphabetical order.

For example, if the nitrogen atom is bonded to a methyl group, the IUPAC name is N-methylethanamide, and the common name is N-methylacetamide.

If the nitrogen atom is attached to two identical groups, like two methyl groups, the IUPAC name is N,N-dimethylethanamide, and the common name is N,N-dimethylacetamide.

However, if the two groups are different such as a methyl group and an ethyl group, the IUPAC name is N-ethyl-N-methylethanamide, and the common name is N-ethyl-N-methylacetamide.


IUPAC:	N-Methylethanamide	N,N-Dimethylethanamide	N-Ethyl-N-methylethanamide
Common:	N-Methylacetamide	N,N-Dimethylacetamide	N-Ethyl-N-methylacetamide

When an amide group is attached to a ring the suffix “carboxylic acid” is replaced with “carboxamide.” For example, if the amide group is bonded to cyclohexane, the resulting compound is called cyclohexanecarboxamide, obtained from the parent cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.


IUPAC:	Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid	Cyclohexanecarboxamide
Common:	Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid	Cyclohexanecarboxamide

Cyclic amides, also called lactams, are named by substituting the suffix “ic acid” of the parent acid with “olactam.” For instance, the IUPAC name of the cyclic four-membered ester shown below is butanolactam, derived from butanoic acid, and the common name is butyrolactam, obtained from butyric acid.

For IUPAC names, the location of the oxygen atom on the ring is indicated by numbering the carbons starting from the carbonyl carbon. The number is added as a prefix, and the name butanolactam becomes 4-butanolactam.

In case of common names, the number is replaced by a Greek letter; however, the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl carbon is labelled first, giving the name γ-butyrolactam.


IUPAC:	Butanoic acid	4-Butanolactam
Common:	Butyric acid	γ-Butyrolactam

Naming Nitriles

The IUPAC names of nitriles are derived by adding the suffix “nitrile” to the parent alkane. In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanenitrile is derived from the parent ethane.

For common names, the suffix “ic acid” of the parent acid is substituted with “onitrile.”As shown below, the common name, acetonitrile, is obtained from acetic acid.


IUPAC:	Ethanoic acid	Ethanenitrile
Common:	Acetic acid	Acetonitrile

If the nitrile group is attached to a cycloalkane ring, the parent cycloalkane is named first, followed by the suffix “carbonitrile.“ For example, if the nitrile group is bonded to cyclohexane, the compound is called cyclohexanecarbonitrile, obtained from the parent cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.


IUPAC:	Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid	Cyclohexanecarbonitrile
Common:	Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid	Cyclohexanecarbonitrile

Chapter 0: Covalent Bonding and Structure

Chapter 0: Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics

Chapter 0: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Chapter 0: Stereoisomerism

Chapter 0: Acids and Bases

Chapter 0: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides

Chapter 0: Alkene Structure and Reactivity

Chapter 0: Reactions of Alkenes

Chapter 0: Alkynes

Chapter 0: Alcohols and Phenols

Chapter 0: Ethers, Epoxides, Sulfides

Chapter 0: Aldehydes and Ketones

Chapter 0: Carboxylic Acids

Chapter 0: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Chapter 0: α-Carbon Chemistry: Enols, Enolates, and Enamines

Chapter 0: Dienes, Conjugated Pi Systems, and Pericyclic Reactions

Chapter 0: Aromatic Compounds

Chapter 0: Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

Chapter 0: Amines

Chapter 0: Radical Chemistry

Chapter 0: Synthetic Polymers

JoVE Core Organic Chemistry Chapter 14.3: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

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