Nasal Extract Analysis
Nasal Extract Analysis - Related Videos
08:50
Prostaglandin Extraction and Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Cited by 11 •
2013
In this paper, we describe an optimized procedure for extracting and analyzing prostaglandins and other eicosanoids from C. elegans using LC-MS/MS.
07:20
One-step Extraction and Zymographic Analysis of Bacterial Gelatinases
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2025
Proteinases are vital for bacterial pathogenesis, enabling invasion and immune evasion. Single-step extraction of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins of bacteria in their active form is harrowing. This video article demonstrates the extraction of whole cellular proteins of Leptospira for zymography analysis to detect and characterize gelatinases.
10:38
Culturing of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells at the Air Liquid Interface
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Cited by 134 •
2013
Nasal epithelial cells, obtained through superficial scrape biopsy of human volunteers, are expanded and transferred onto tissue culture inserts. Upon reaching confluency, cells are grown at air liquid interface, yielding cultures of ciliated and non-ciliated cells. Differentiated nasal epithelial cell cultures provide viable experimental models for studying the respiratory mucosa.
08:38
Extraction and Analysis of Cortisol from Human and Monkey Hair
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Cited by 211 •
2014
Cortisol (CORT) accumulates in the growing hair shaft of humans and nonhuman primates. We describe methods for extracting and analyzing hair CORT with high precision and sensitivity. Measurement of hair CORT is particularly well-suited for assessing chronic stress over periods of weeks to months.
09:19
Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans
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Cited by 98 •
2011
We describe here a method for biopsying olfactory mucosa from rat and human nasal cavities. These biopsies can be used for either identifying molecular anomalies in brain diseases or isolating multipotent adult stem cells that can be utilized for cell transplantation in animal models of brain trauma/disease.
FAQs
The extracted material can be examined for antibodies, cytokines, antimicrobial factors, nucleic acids, and pathogen-associated signals, alongside cellular contents. These targets represent different aspects of local airway activity, including immune responses, antimicrobial defenses, molecular evidence related to infection, or cellular changes. Measuring several categories together can provide a more informative picture of mucosal responses than relying on a single marker.
Nasal samples reflect activity at the respiratory surface, whereas blood-based analyses represent a different biological compartment. Comparing the two can help distinguish local airway responses from findings that are visible systemically. This complementary design is useful when researchers want to relate mucosal immunity to infection-associated changes without treating either sample type as a complete picture of the host response.
Biochemical and immunological assays translate collected nasal material into measurements of selected targets. Their value depends on matching the measurement approach to the question, such as examining antibodies, cytokines, antimicrobial factors, nucleic acids, or pathogen-associated signals. Using these assay categories helps researchers characterize both immune activity and infection-related molecular features within the same local sample.
Pathogen-associated signals provide information related to infectious agents or their molecular signatures, while antibodies, cytokines, and antimicrobial factors describe aspects of the host response. Examining these categories together can help researchers study whether infection-related evidence corresponds with changes in local immunity. This combined perspective supports investigation of host-pathogen interactions at the respiratory surface.
The workflow starts with collection of nasal material, followed by extraction of soluble components. Researchers then measure selected molecular or cellular targets using biochemical or immunological assays. The resulting measurements can be organized around the study question, whether it concerns local immunity, infection-related changes, biomarkers, or responses to an intervention. This sequence links sampling, preparation, measurement, and interpretation.
Comparative sampling can support studies of how nasal immune measurements change after a vaccine or treatment. Investigators may examine antibodies, cytokines, antimicrobial factors, or other supported targets and relate their patterns to the intervention being studied. Because the sample represents the respiratory surface, this approach adds information about local biological responses to broader assessments of the intervention.
The measurements can help identify infection-related changes, evaluate candidate biomarkers, and examine host-pathogen interactions at the respiratory surface. They may also support comparisons between local immune activity and systemic findings from blood-based analyses. In this context, the method is useful because molecular and cellular observations can connect infection-associated signals with changes in mucosal responses.