Chick Electroporation
Chick Electroporation - Related Videos
08:57
In ovo Electroporation in Chick Midbrain for Studying Gene Function in Dopaminergic Neuron Development
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Cited by 5 •
2012
To assess the function and the regulation of genes during the development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, we describe a method that involves in ovo electroporation of plasmid DNA constructs into embryonic chick ventral midbrain dopaminergic neuron progenitors. This technique can be used to achieve efficient expression of genes of interest to study different aspects of midbrain development and dopaminergic neuron differentiation.
06:15
In Ovo Electroporation in Embryonic Chick Retina
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Cited by 10 •
2012
The overall goal of this video is to show how to perform targeted retinal injection and in ovo electroporation of DNA/RNA constructs into the chick embryonic retina at the Hamburger and Hamilton stage 22-23, which is about embryonic day 4 (E4). This technique is very useful to study gene expression, gene regulation, and morphological change in developing chick retina.
10:04
Electroporation of the Hindbrain to Trace Axonal Trajectories and Synaptic Targets in the Chick Embryo
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Cited by 9 •
2013
How neuronal networks are established in the embryonic brain is a fundamental question in developmental neurobiology. Here we combined an electroporation technique with novel genetic tools, such as Cre/Lox–plasmids and PiggyBac-mediated DNA transposition system in the avian hindbrain to label dorsal interneurons and track their axonal projections and synaptic targets at various developmental stages.
07:55
Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation
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Cited by 12 •
2010
This video demonstrates how to visualize axonal pathways of genetically defined groups of neurons in the embryonic chick spinal cord utilizing in ovo electroporation of reporter genes under the control of specific enhancer elements.
10:02
Ex Vivo Culture of Chick Cerebellar Slices and Spatially Targeted Electroporation of Granule Cell Precursors
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Cited by 4 •
2015
The cerebellar external granule layer is the site of the largest transit amplification in the developing brain. Here, we present a protocol to target genetic modification to this layer at the peak of proliferation using ex vivo electroporation and culture of cerebellar slices from embryonic Day 14 chick embryos.
FAQs
The brief electric field changes the embryo cell membranes enough to create temporary pores. DNA or other nucleic acids delivered to the tissue can pass through these openings before the membranes recover. This short-lived permeability is central to the method because it enables genetic material to enter developing cells without requiring permanent membrane disruption.
Spatial control allows researchers to manipulate selected embryo tissues, while temporal control links the manipulation to a defined stage of development. Together, these controls help distinguish where and when a gene influences a process. That precision is especially valuable when studying tissue formation, cell migration, neural development, or developmental signaling in vivo.
Reporter signals provide a visible or otherwise measurable indication that the introduced genetic material is being expressed. Fluorescent reporters can reveal the location of expression within developing tissues, allowing researchers to compare manipulated regions with surrounding embryo areas. This makes it possible to monitor genetic activity alongside changes in developmental organization or cell behavior.
A typical workflow begins by delivering DNA or another nucleic acid to a developing chick embryo tissue. Researchers then apply a brief electric field to promote entry into nearby cells. Afterward, they monitor reporter signals or other experimental readouts to determine where expression occurs and how the manipulation relates to embryonic development.
The technique supports questions about how genes contribute to tissue formation, cell migration, neural development, and developmental signaling. Because genetic material can be introduced into an accessible embryo during early development, researchers can examine gene function in the context of an intact developing organism rather than only in isolated cellular systems.
By introducing genetic material into selected embryonic tissues and tracking subsequent expression, researchers can connect gene activity with developmental outcomes. Reporter patterns can indicate where the introduced material is active, while observations of tissue organization or cell movement provide biological context. This combination helps relate molecular manipulation to visible processes in developmental biology.