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Anatomy and Physiology

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The Respiratory System

How Hemoglobin Loads and Releases Oxygen

Description

Hemoglobin is the main molecule that carries oxygen in blood. It is found in red blood cells and has four polypeptide chains, each attached to an iron-containing heme group. This structure lets one hemoglobin molecule bind up to four oxygen molecules quickly and reversibly.

When hemoglobin is ful...

Transcript

血液主要通过红细胞中的血红蛋白结合并运输氧气,仅有少量氧气因在血液中溶解度较低而直接溶解于血浆中。

血红蛋白由四个含富铁血红素基团的多肽链组成,能够结合四个氧分子。

如解离曲线所示,氧气与血红蛋白的结合受到氧分压(PO2)的显著影响。

随着 PO2  的升高,更多的氧气与血红蛋白结合。

因此,富含氧气的动脉血中的血红蛋白与氧气的结合饱和度可达98%。

当到达体循环毛细血管时,由于氧分压(PO2)较低,氧饱和度下降。

多种生理因素会影响血红蛋白对氧气的亲和力。

如图所示,细胞温度升高会降低这种亲和力。

此外,当较...

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