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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biology
链脲佐菌素治疗:1 型糖尿病斑马鱼模型
链脲佐菌素治疗:1 型糖尿病斑马鱼模型
Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biology
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Biology
Streptozocin Treatment: A Zebrafish Model of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

链脲佐菌素治疗:1 型糖尿病斑马鱼模型

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2,999 Views
04:26 min
April 30, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Transcript

- 1 型糖尿病是一种人类疾病,免疫系统会破坏胰岛素,从而在胰腺中产生 β 细胞。链脲佐菌素可在斑马鱼中诱导 1 型糖尿病。首先,在 2-苯氧乙醇的鱼水中溶液中麻醉鱼。取鱼,放在培养皿上,腹侧朝上。根据每克鱼的重量 0.35 毫克计算链脲佐菌素的剂量,并在盐水溶液中稀释。

通过在斑马鱼腹侧的骨盆带下方腹膜内注射链脲佐菌素。链脲佐菌素在结构上类似于 N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖,N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖是一种结合胰腺 β 细胞上的 GLUT2 受体的配体,导致胰岛素分泌。因此,链脲佐菌素与胰腺 β 细胞上存在的 GLUT2 受体结合,胰腺 β 细胞将其运输到细胞内。

进入 β 细胞后,链脲佐菌素会触发免疫反应,导致自身抗原的释放。自身抗原导致免疫系统将 β 细胞识别为外来细胞并破坏它们,从而导致胰岛素水平降低。在第 3 天和第 5 天重复服用链脲佐菌素,然后每周给药,每 7 天服用一次,以维持免疫反应。

在以下示例中,我们将生成 1 型糖尿病的斑马鱼模型。要生成患有糖尿病的斑马鱼,请准备一个装有普通鱼水的回收罐和一个装有 1 至 1,000 稀释 2-苯氧乙醇的鱼水麻醉罐。在通风橱下,通过将 6 毫克 STZ 添加到 2 毫升 0.09% 氯化钠中,制备 0.3% 链脲佐菌素或 STZ 溶液,并立即将溶液置于冰上。

在单独的试管中,分装足够的盐水用于对照鱼。用 STZ 或对照溶液填充配备 27 和 1/2 号针头的半 CC 注射器,确保没有气泡滞留。将一条鱼放入麻醉水中,等待游泳动作停止,大约一到两分钟,以麻醉它。

麻醉后,将鱼短暂地放在纸巾上以吸收多余的水分。然后,将鱼放入称重船中称重。接下来,将鱼放在坚硬的表面上。然后将针头穿过斜面插入腹侧腹膜的后部,并将每克 STZ 或同等体积的对照溶液注入鱼的腹膜腔。

注射后,将鱼放入回收水箱中并监测其是否正常游泳。注入足够的鱼进行实验后,将它们转移到正常的活鱼缸中并保持在 22 至 24 摄氏度的温度下。降低的温度对于有效诱导高血糖至关重要。为了诱导长时间的极高血糖状态,请遵循在诱导阶段频繁注射的时间表,然后每周维持注射,如图所示。

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