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JoVE Journal
Immunology and Infection
鼠后肢长骨解剖和骨髓隔离
鼠后肢长骨解剖和骨髓隔离
JoVE Journal
Immunology and Infection
This content is Free Access.
JoVE Journal Immunology and Infection
Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

鼠后肢长骨解剖和骨髓隔离

Full Text
88,711 Views
07:17 min
April 14, 2016

DOI: 10.3791/53936-v

Sarah R. Amend1, Kenneth C. Valkenburg1, Kenneth J. Pienta1

1Department of Urology,Johns Hopkins University

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This article presents a protocol for the dissection of hind limb long bones from laboratory mice and a rapid technique for bone marrow isolation using centrifugation. The method aims to facilitate downstream analyses related to bone marrow biology and immunology.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Bone marrow biology
  • Cancer metastasis
  • Immunology

Background

  • The dissection of long bones is crucial for studying bone-related diseases.
  • Bone marrow isolation is essential for various cellular analyses.
  • Standardized techniques improve reproducibility in research.
  • Quick procedures save time in experimental workflows.

Purpose of Study

  • To provide a systematic approach for long bone dissection.
  • To enable efficient bone marrow collection for analysis.
  • To maintain the integrity of bone and marrow for downstream applications.

Methods Used

  • Positioning the mouse and preparing for dissection.
  • Step-by-step dissection of femur and tibia.
  • Isolation of bone marrow using centrifugation.
  • Visual verification of marrow extraction.

Main Results

  • The technique can be completed in about seven minutes.
  • Bone marrow integrity is preserved for histological analysis.
  • Suitable for various downstream applications, including cell culture.
  • Standardized parameters allow for accurate quantitation in research.

Conclusions

  • This rapid dissection and isolation technique is effective and efficient.
  • It supports further studies on bone marrow cell populations.
  • Mastery of the technique enhances research capabilities in related fields.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main advantage of this dissection technique?
The main advantage is its speed and standardization, allowing for quick and reproducible results.
How long does the procedure take?
The entire procedure can be completed in about seven minutes when performed correctly.
What applications can the isolated bone marrow be used for?
The isolated bone marrow is suitable for various analyses, including histomorphometry and cell culture.
Is the procedure sterile?
Yes, the bone marrow isolation procedure is designed to be fairly sterile.
What should be done if the tibial epiphysis is intact?
If the tibial epiphysis is intact, scissors should be guided up the tibia shaft to remove the condyles and epiphysis.
Can this technique be used for other types of analyses?
Yes, after isolation, other methods like FACS can be performed to study bone marrow cell populations.

在这里,我们提出了一种从实验室小鼠解剖后肢长骨(股骨和胫骨)的方案。我们进一步描述了一种从这些骨骼中分离骨髓的快速技术,该技术利用离心从骨髓空间中取出骨髓。

这种长骨解剖和骨髓分离程序的总体目标是快速、系统地去除长骨并收集骨髓用于进一步的下游分析。这种方法可以帮助回答与骨髓生物学、癌症转移和免疫学相关的关键问题。这种技术的主要优点是解剖过程快速且标准化,骨髓分离程序相当无菌,首先将鼠标置于仰卧位。

然后将所有四个爪垫固定在踝关节下方,用 70% 乙醇喷洒鼠标,彻底浇湿腿部。接下来,在臀部上方的下腹部中线右侧做一个小切口,然后将切口向下延伸到腿部并经过踝关节。拉回皮肤。

然后切开锚定在股骨近端的股四头肌,露出大腿骨的前侧,用销钉与板成 45 度角将肌肉从腿部固定出来。用剪刀抵住股骨后侧,将腘绳肌从膝关节上剪下来。然后拉回固定在股骨近端的皮肤和腘绳肌,露出骨骼的后侧,并将腘绳肌从腿部固定出来,将固定针呈 45 度角放置。

用镊子抓住膝关节上方的股骨远端。然后将股骨干两侧的剪刀刀片引导至髋关节。到达股骨头后,扭动剪刀,将顶部刀片直接移动到股骨头上以使股骨脱臼。

现在用镊子抓住股骨干的顶部,将软组织从股骨头上切开,将股骨从髋臼中释放出来。然后将整个腿骨,包括股骨、膝盖和胫骨,向上拉离身体,并小心地切掉将腿附着在皮肤上的结缔组织和肌肉。去除所有结缔组织后,过度伸展踝关节并扭动剪刀,就像刚才演示的那样使胫骨脱臼。

抓住胫骨的远端,注意不要切断肌腱,将胫骨向上拉,远离身体和针板。然后去除附着在膝盖长骨上的任何剩余结缔组织,以及附着在股骨和胫骨上的任何其他肌肉或结缔组织。为了准备用于骨髓分离的长骨,请抓住股骨,髌骨朝外,股骨头朝下。

过度伸展膝关节并扭动剪刀,使胫骨与股骨脱臼。然后去除将股骨和胫骨固定在一起的任何结缔组织。接下来,抓住股骨,前侧朝外,股骨头朝下,将剪刀沿着股骨干向上引导至髁。

轻轻地来回旋转剪刀,去除髁突、髌骨和骨骺,露出干骺端。然后,使用镊子、剪刀和 Kimwipes 去除附着在股骨上的任何其他肌肉或结缔组织。接下来,抓住胫骨,前侧朝外,踝端朝下。

如果胫骨骨骺完好无损,将剪刀沿胫骨干向上引导至髁突,轻轻来回旋转剪刀以去除髁突和骨骺,露出胫骨干骺端。然后去除附着在胫骨上的任何其他肌肉或结缔组织,如刚才所示。要采集骨髓,首先将 18 号针头穿过 0.5 毫升微量离心管的底部。

然后将长骨头放入管中,膝盖端朝下,并盖上盖子。将 0.5 毫升微量离心管嵌套在 1.5 毫升微量离心管中,并在微量离心机中以大于或等于 10, 000 次 g 的速度离心管 15 秒。通过目视检查验证骨髓是否已从骨骼中分离出来。

骨头应呈白色,并且在较大的管中应可见一个大颗粒。然后丢弃 0.5 mL 微量离心管中的骨头,并将骨髓悬浮在适当的溶液中,以进行所需的下游分析。这种快速解剖技术适用于许多下游分析,包括组织形态学和组织学。

事实上,正如这种代表性的组织形态学显微 CT 3D 重建所证明的那样,松质骨和皮质壳都得到了保留,从而可以准确定量骨组织形态测定的标准化结构参数。在 H 和 E 染色的正式和固定脱钙胫骨的代表性组织学切片中,可以观察到钙化骨和细胞骨髓完整性的维持以进行组织学分析。此外,通过该程序分离的骨髓适用于许多下游应用,包括破骨细胞或成骨细胞的原代细胞培养。

一旦掌握,该技术可以在大约 7 分钟内完成,从长骨解剖到骨髓分离,如果执行得当。在尝试该过程时,请务必记住放置鼠标以便于解剖。按照此程序,可以执行其他方法,如 FACS 或其他单细胞过程来回答有关骨髓细胞群改变的其他问题。

看完这个视频,你应该对如何快速解剖小鼠的长骨和离心分离骨髓有了很好的了解。

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