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Chapter 28

Magnetic Forces and Fields

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Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows …
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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on …
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The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the …
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A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move …
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Moving charges experience a force in a magnetic field. Since the magnetic fields produced by moving charges are proportional to the current, a conductor …
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In a magnetic field, moving charges encounter a force. If a wire contains these moving charges, i.e., if the wire is carrying a current, then a force acts …
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Magnetic forces on wires carrying current are most frequently applied in motors. A DC motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical …
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The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between …
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Edwin H. Hall, in the year 1879, devised an experiment that could be used to identify the polarity of the predominant charge carriers in a conducting …
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The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines passing through a given surface area. The SI unit for magnetic flux is the weber (Wb). …
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In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a …
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In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform …
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Electronic devices and high-voltage wires induce magnetic fields. A magnetic field of 1,300-2,500 Gauss (0.2 Tesla) was applied to Petri dishes containing …
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A spheroid culture is a useful tool for understanding cellular behavior in that it provides an in vivo-like three-dimensional environment. Various …
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CMR at an ultra-high field (magnetic field strength B0 ≥ 7 Tesla) benefits from the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) advantage inherent at higher …