2.12: 氢键
氢键是形成其它化学键的原子之间的弱引力。其中一个原子是带负电的,就像氧一样,带部分负电荷。另一个是氢原子,它和另一个负电原子成键,带部分正电荷。
氢键控制世界!
由于氢与强电负性原子(如氧或氮)结合时具有非常弱的电负性,因此键中的电子不平等地共享。另一个原子把电子拉到自己的位置,和氢原子分享的时间更短。这给氢原子一个部分正电荷,导致它被一个部分负电荷的原子所吸引。这些弱键的累积效应是改变生命的,赋予水以高热容量、高热蒸发、溶解极性分子的能力、附着力、凝聚力和强表面张力
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氢键是形成其它化学键的原子之间的弱引力。其中一个原子是带负电的,就像氧一样,带部分负电荷。另一个是氢原子,它和另一个负电原子成键,带部分正电荷。
由于氢与强电负性原子(如氧或氮)结合时具有非常弱的电负性,因此键中的电子不平等地共享。另一个原子把电子拉到自己的位置,和氢原子分享的时间更短。这给氢原子一个部分正电荷,导致它被一个部分负电荷的原子所吸引。这些弱键的累积效应是改变生命的,赋予水以高热容量、高热蒸发、溶解极性分子的能力、附着力、凝聚力和强表面张力
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