Spedali Civili di Brescia 2 articles published in JoVE Developmental Biology Stable and Efficient Genetic Modification of Cells in the Adult Mouse V-SVZ for the Analysis of Neural Stem Cell Autonomous and Non-autonomous Effects Eva Porlan1, Beatriz Martí-Prado2,3, Antonella Consiglio4,5, Isabel Fariñas2,3 1Cell Division and Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 2Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 3Departmento de Biologìa Celular, Universidad de Valencia, 4Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 5Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Fibroblast Reprogramming Unit, University of Brescia Here we describe a procedure based on the use of lentiviral particles for the long-term genetic modification of neural stem cells and/or their adjacent ependymal cells in the adult ventricular-subventricular neurogenic niche which allows the separate analysis of cell autonomous and non-autonomous, niche-dependent effects on neural stem cells. Immunology and Infection Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR Alessandra Sottini1, Federico Serana1, Diego Bertoli1, Marco Chiarini1, Monica Valotti1, Marion Vaglio Tessitore1, Luisa Imberti1 1CREA, Diagnostics Department, Spedali Civili di Brescia Here, we describe a method for simultaneous quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and K-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs). The TREC/KREC assay can be used as marker of thymic and bone marrow output.