Friedrich Loeffler Institut 3 articles published in JoVE Genetics Sequencing of mRNA from Whole Blood using Nanopore Sequencing Andreas Mueller1, Kerstin Fischer2, Roland Suluku3, Thomas Hoenen1 1Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 2Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 3Department of Animal Science, Njala University Nanopore sequencing is a novel technology that allows cost-effective sequencing in remote locations and resource-poor settings. Here, we present a protocol for sequencing of mRNAs from whole blood that is compatible with such conditions. Immunology and Infection Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling Christian Berens1,2, Stephanie Bisle3, Leonie Klingenbeck3, Anja Lührmann3 1Department Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, 2Institut für Molekulare Pathogenese, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 3Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen The method described here is used to induce the apoptotic signaling cascade at defined steps in order to dissect the activity of an anti-apoptotic bacterial effector protein. This method can also be used for inducible expression of pro-apoptotic or toxic proteins, or for dissecting interference with other signaling pathways. Medicine The Bovine Lung in Biomedical Research: Visually Guided Bronchoscopy, Intrabronchial Inoculation and In Vivo Sampling Techniques Annette Prohl1, Carola Ostermann1, Markus Lohr1, Petra Reinhold1 1Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut This article describes bronchoscopic techniques in the bovine lung under experimental conditions, i.e. bronchoscopically guided inoculation, bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushing, and transbronchial lung biopsy.