Niguarda Hospital 1 article published in JoVE Medicine Endotoxin Activity Assay for the Detection of Whole Blood Endotoxemia in Critically Ill Patients Riccardo Pinciroli1,2, Simone Checchi2, Maurizio Bottiroli1, Gianpaola Monti1, Giampaolo Casella1, Roberto Fumagalli1,2 1Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Niguarda Hospital, 2University of Milan-Bicocca Medical School We hereby present a protocol to measure at the bedside the endotoxin activity of human whole blood samples. The Endotoxin Activity assay is a simple test to perform and may be a useful biomarker in critically ill patients with sepsis.