Chalmers University of Technology View Institution's Website 8 articles published in JoVE Bioengineering Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum Elif Senem Köksal1, Patrícia F. Belletati1, Ganna Reint1, Ragni Olsson1, Kira D. Leitl1, Ilayda Kantarci1, Irep Gözen1,2,3 1Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 3Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Solid-supported, protein-free, double phospholipid bilayer membranes (DLBM) can be transformed into complex and dynamic lipid nanotube networks and can serve as 2D bottom-up models of the endoplasmic reticulum. Chemistry Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients Baharan Ali Doosti1, Ann-Sofie Cans1, Gavin D.M. Jeffries1, Tatsiana Lobovkina1 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology We present a technique for contactless micromanipulation of vesicles, using localized calcium ion gradients. Microinjection of a calcium ion solution, in the vicinity of a giant lipid vesicle, is utilized to remodel the lipid membrane, resulting in the production of membrane tubular protrusions. Engineering Construction and Operation of a Light-driven Gold Nanorod Rotary Motor System Daniel Andrén1, Pawel Karpinski1, Mikael Käll1 1Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology Plasmonic gold nanorods can be trapped in liquids and rotated at kHz frequencies using circularly-polarized optical tweezers. Introducing tools for Brownian dynamics analysis and light scatteringspectroscopy leads to a powerful system for research and application in numerous fields of science. Neuroscience Monitoring the Effect of Osmotic Stress on Secretory Vesicles and Exocytosis Hoda Fathali1, Johan Dunevall1, Soodabeh Majdi2, Ann-Sofie Cans1 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 2Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg Osmotic stress affects exocytosis and the amount of neurotransmitter released during this process. We demonstrate how combining electrochemical methods together with transmission electron microscopy can be used to study the effect of extracellular osmotic pressure on exocytosis activity, vesicle quantal size, and the amount of neurotransmitter released during exocytosis. Bioengineering Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization Patrick Scott Thayer1, Linnea Stridh Orrhult2,3, Héctor Martínez2 1CELLINK LLC, 2CELLINK AB, 33D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Cartilage and skin analogs were bioprinted using a nanocellulose-alginate based bioink. The bioinks were cellularized prior to printing via a single step passive mixing unit. The constructs were demonstrated to be uniformly cellularized, have high viability, and exhibit favorable markers of differentiation. Biology Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA Katrin Kreisel1, Martin K.M. Engqvist1,2, Anders R. Clausen1 1Department for Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 2Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Here we describe a method amenable to simultaneously quantitate and genome-wide map ribonucleotides in highly intact DNA at single-nucleotide resolution, combining enzymatic cleavage of genomic DNA with its alkaline hydrolysis and subsequent 5´-end sequencing. Chemistry Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators Henrik Sundén1, Linda Ta1, Anton Axelsson1 1Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Ionic liquids (ILs) mediate fast, simple and cheap access to 1,6-ketoesters in high diastereoselectivities and good yields. The reaction protocol is robust and the 1,6-ketoesters can be obtained in gram scale after a simple filtration protocol. Moreover, the 1,6-ketoesters are potent gelators in hydrocarbon solvents. Medicine MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry of Neuropeptides in Parkinson's Disease Jörg Hanrieder1,2, Anna Ljungdahl1, Malin Andersson1 1Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 2Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Dopamine replacement pharmacotherapy using L-DOPA is the most commonly used symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease, but is accompanied by side effects including involuntary abnormal movements, termed dyskinesia 1. Here, a protocol for MALDI imaging mass spectrometry is presented that detects changes in rat brain neuropeptide levels related to dyskinesia.