University of Hawaii at Manoa 7 articles published in JoVE Environment Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples Weiting Jiao1,2, Tingting Shen2, Luyao Wang1, Lei Zhu1,3, Qing X. Li4, Chen Wang3, Hongping Chen3, Rimao Hua1, Xiangwei Wu1 1Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 2State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 3Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety & Risk Assessment, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, 4Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa The present protocol describes the contamination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in tea samples from PA-producing weeds in tea gardens. Environment A Field Primer for Monitoring Benthic Ecosystems Using Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry Ty N. F. Roach1, Shreya Yadav1, Carlo Caruso1, Jenna Dilworth1,2, Catherine M. Foley1, Joshua R. Hancock1, Joel Huckeba1, Ariana S. Huffmyer1, Kira Hughes1, Valerie A. Kahkejian1, Elizabeth M.P. Madin1, Shayle B. Matsuda1, Michael McWilliam1, Spencer Miller1,3, Erika P. Santoro4, Mariana Rocha de Souza1, Damaris Torres-Pullizaa1, Crawford Drury1, Joshua S. Madin1 1Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i Manoa, 2Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 3Hawai'i Pacific University, 4Federal University of Rio de Janeiro We provide a detailed protocol for conducting underwater structure-from-motion photogrammetry surveys to generate 3D models and orthomosaics. Chemistry An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions Xiaojing Lai1,2, Feng Zhu2, Jin S. Zhang3, Dongzhou Zhang2,4, Sergey Tkachev4, Vitali B. Prakapenka4, Bin Chen2 1Gemmological Institute, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 2Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 3Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, 4Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago This work focuses on the standard protocol for preparing the externally-heated diamond anvil cell (EHDAC) for generating high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) conditions. The EHDAC is employed to investigate materials in Earth and planetary interiors under extreme conditions, which can be also used in solid state physics and chemistry studies. Behavior Behavioral Tracking and Neuromast Imaging of Mexican Cavefish McLean Worsham1, Vânia Filipa Lima Fernandes2, Alexander Settle1, Chantell Balaan2, Kimberly Lactaoen2, Lillian J. Tuttle1,3, Motoko Iwashita1, Masato Yoshizawa1 1Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 3Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa Here, we present methods for high-throughput study of a series of the Mexican cavefish behaviors and vital staining of a mechanosensory system. These methods use free-software and custom-made scripts, providing a practical and cost-effective method for the studies of behaviors. Environment The Hawaii Protocol for Scientific Monitoring of Coffee Berry Borer: a Model for Coffee Agroecosystems Worldwide Melissa Anne Johnson1,2, Robert Hollingsworth2, Samuel Fortna2,3, Luis F. Aristizábal4, Nicholas C. Manoukis2 1Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 2Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 3College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 4Independent Consultant on CBB Management Comprehensive monitoring of coffee berry borer and host plant dynamics is essential for aggregating landscape-level data to improve management of this invasive pest. Here, we present a protocol for scientific monitoring of coffee berry borer movement, infestation, mortality, coffee plant phenology, weather, and farm management via a mobile electronic data recording application. Chemistry High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2 Dongzhou Zhang1, Przemyslaw K. Dera1, Peter J. Eng2, Joanne E. Stubbs2, Jin S. Zhang1, Vitali B. Prakapenka2, Mark L. Rivers2 1Hawai’i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, 2Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago In this report, we describe detailed procedures for carrying out single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments with a diamond anvil cell at the GSECARS 13-BM-C beamline at the Advanced Photon Source. ATREX and RSV programs are used to analyze the data. Immunology and Infection Measuring Physiological Responses of Drosophila Sensory Neurons to Lipid Pheromones Using Live Calcium Imaging Shruti Shankar1,2, Meredith E.K. Calvert3,4, Joanne Y. Yew1,2,5 1Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 2Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 3Bioimaging and Biocomputing Facility, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 4Histology and Light Microscopy Core, Gladstone Institutes, 5Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa The forelegs and proboscis of Drosophila contain a rich repertoire of gustatory sensory neurons. Here, we present a method using calcium imaging to measure physiological responses from sensory neurons in the foreleg and proboscis of live flies upon exogenous application of a gustatory pheromone.
