Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human HistoryScience of Human History 1 article published in JoVE Biochemistry Sampling and Pretreatment of Tooth Enamel Carbonate for Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Analysis Alicia Ventresca Miller1, Ricardo Fernandes1,2, Anneke Janzen1, Ayushi Nayak1, Jillian Swift1, Jana Zech1, Nicole Boivin1, Patrick Roberts1 1Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 2School of Archaeology, University of Oxford Stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of human and animal tooth enamel carbonate has been used as a proxy for individual diet and environmental reconstruction. Here, we provide a detailed description and visual documentation of bulk and sequential tooth enamel sampling as well as pretreatment of archaeological and paleontological samples.