National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan 1 article published in JoVE Immunology and Infection Identification of Mouse and Human Antibody Repertoires by Next-Generation Sequencing Lin Sun1, Naoko Kono2, Hiroyuki Toh3, Hanbing Xue1, Kaori Sano4,5, Tadaki Suzuki4, Akira Ainai4, Yasuko Orba6, Junya Yamagishi7,8, Hideki Hasegawa4,5, Yoshimasa Takahashi9, Shigeyuki Itamura2, Kazuo Ohnishi9,10 1Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 2Center for Influenza Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 3School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 4Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 5Division of Infectious Diseases Pathology, Department of Global Infectious Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 6Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, 7Division of Collaboration and Education, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, 8Global Station for Zoonosis Control, GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, 9Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 10Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba Here, we describe protocols for the analysis and visualization of the structure and constitution of whole antibody repertoires. This involves the acquisition of vast sequences of antibody RNA using next-generation sequencing.