Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate mainly into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes, depending on the stimuli they receive. MSCs have been widely used for basic research, as well as for cellular therapies, involving their genetic manipulation and transplantation. Adipose tissue is one among the many places where these cells can be found, and this tissue has the advantage of being abundant, thus enabling biopsy through small incisions, which can facilitate autologous transplantations. Adipose tissue's pool of mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) rests in the stromal vascular fraction of subcutaneous and visceral depots. ASCs' roles extend from being a local source of newly differentiated cells to spreading and differentiating in other tissues. The potential mechanisms of ASCs in health and disease are far from being completely understood, highlighting the importance of exploring their roles. These cells are a suitable model for understanding several differentiation processes, including the mediators and pathways involved. This paper presents an effective protocol to isolate these cells from the adipose tissue, expand them ex vivo, and induce their commitment to the adipocyte fate.
