This article presents a simple and economic protocol for the straightforward isolation and purification of mesenchymal stem cells from New Zealand white rabbit synovial fluid.
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Method Article
Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting Strategies to Isolate and Purify Synovial Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from a Rabbit Model
In This Article
Summary
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the main cell source for cell-based therapy. MSCs from articular cavity synovial fluid could potentially be used for cartilage tissue engineering. MSCs from synovial fluid (SF-MSCs) have been considered promising candidates for articular regeneration, and their potential therapeutic benefit has made them an important research topic of late. SF-MSCs from the knee cavity of the New Zealand white rabbit can be employed as an optimized translational model to assess human regenerative medicine. By means of CD90-based magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) technologies, this protocol successfully obtains rabbit SF-MSCs (rbSF-MSCs) from this rabbit model and further fully demonstrates the MSC phenotype of these cells by inducing them to differentiate to osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Therefore, this approach can be applied in cell biology research and tissue engineering using simple equipment and procedures.
Introduction
MSCs have been suggested as a valuable source for regenerative medicine, especially for cartilage lesions. MSCs, including chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, skeletal myocytes, and visceral stromal cells, broadly expand the areas for stem cell transplantation due to their high expansion rate and multi-lineage differentiation potential1. MSCs can be isolated from the skeletal muscle, synovium, bone marrow, and adipose tissue2,3,4. Findings have also confirmed the presence of MSCs in synovial fluid, and previous research has identified synovial....
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Protocol
All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the regional Ethics Committee guidelines, and all animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University.
1. Isolate and Culture the rbSF-MSCs
- Preparations for the animal procedure
- Prepare skeletally-mature female New Zealand white rabbits for the collection of rbSF-MSCs. Perform a clinical examination of the rabbits one day prior to the anesthesia and arthrocentesis procedure.
NOTE: Physical examinations should include weight (2.0 - 2.5 kg), gende....
- Prepare skeletally-mature female New Zealand white rabbits for the collection of rbSF-MSCs. Perform a clinical examination of the rabbits one day prior to the anesthesia and arthrocentesis procedure.
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Results
Isolation, Purification, and Culture of the rbSF-MSCs:
This protocol uses MACS to isolate rbSF-MSCs, based on the expression of the MSC surface marker CD90. A process flow diagram of rbSF-MSCs' isolation, purification, and characterization and the in vitro culture protocol is shown in Figure 1.
Cell Morphology after Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) with CD.......
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Discussion
The existence of MSCs in synovial fluid provides an alternative for cell-based therapy. Previous studies have shown that injury sites contain higher amounts of mesenchymal stem cells in their synovial fluid, which may be positively correlated with the post-injury period5. The MSCs in synovial fluid may be beneficial to tissue for enhancing the spontaneous healing after an injury18,19. The clinical application of SF-MSCs has rarely been cov.......
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Disclosures
The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.
Acknowledgements
This study was financially supported by the following grants: the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81572198; No. 81772394); the Fund for High Level Medical Discipline Construction of Shenzhen University (No. 2016031638); the Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. A2016314); and Shenzhen Science and Technology Projects (No. JCYJ20170306092215436; No. JCYJ20170412150609690; No. JCYJ20170413161800287; No. SGLH20161209105517753; No. JCYJ20160301111338144).
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Materials
| Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reagents | |||
| MesenGro | StemRD | MGro-500 1703 | Warm in 37 °C water bath before use |
| MesenGro Supplement | StemRD | MGro-500 M1512 | Component of MSCs culture medium |
| DMEM basic | Gibco Inc. | C11995500BT | MSCs differentiation medium |
| Isotonic saline solution | Litai, China | 5217080305 | Cavity arthrocentesis procedure reagent |
| Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) | HyClone Inc. | SH30256.01B | PBS, free of Ca2+/Mg2+ |
| Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) | Gibco Inc. | 10099-141 | Component of MSCs culture medium |
| Povidone iodine solution | Guangdong, China | 150605 | Sterilization agent |
| 75% ethanol | Lircon, china | 170917 | Sterilization agent |
| 0.25% Trypsin/EDTA | Gibco Inc. | 25200-056 | Cell dissociation reagent |
| 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin | Gibco Inc. | 15140-122 | Component of MSCs medium |
| MACS Running Buffer | MiltenyiBiotec | 5160112089 | Containing phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 0.5% bovine serum albumin(BSA), and 2 mMEDTA |
| CD90 antibody conjugated MicroBeads | MiltenyiBiotec | 5160801456 | For magnetic activated cell sorting |
| Sodium pyruvate | Sigma-Aldrich | P2256 | Component of MSCs chondrogenic differentiation |
| Dexamethasone | Sigma-Aldrich | D1756 | Component of MSCs osteogenic differentiation |
| ITS | BD | 354352 | 1%, Component of MSCs chondrogenic differentiation |
| L-proline | Sigma-Aldrich | P5607 | 0.35 mM, Component of MSCs chondrogenic differentiation |
| L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate | Sigma-Aldrich | A8960 | 50 mM, Component of MSCs chondrogenic differentiation |
| 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine | Sigma-Aldrich | I5879 | 0.5 mM, Component of adipogenic differentiation |
| Indomethacin | Sigma-Aldrich | I7378 | 100 mM, Component of adipogenic differentiation |
| TGFβ1 | Peprotech | 100-21 | 10 ng/mL, Component of MSCs chondrogenic differentiation |
| α-glycerophsphate | Sigma-Aldrich | G6751 | Component of MSCs osteogenic differentiation |
| CD34 Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated | Bioss | bs-0646R-FITC | Hematopoietic stem cells marker |
| Mouse antirabbit CD44 | Bio-Rad | MCA806GA | Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein (MSCs marker) |
| CD45 (Monoclonal Antibody) | Bio-Rad | MCA808GA | Hematopoietic stem cells marker |
| CD105 antibody | Genetex | GTX11415 | MSCs marker |
| Isopropyl alcohol | Sigma-Aldrich | I9030 | Precipitates RNA extraction organic phases |
| Trichloromethane | Wenge, China | 61553 | Extract total RNA |
| Trizol | Invitrogen | 15596-018 | Isolate total RNA |
| SYBR green master mix | Takara Bio, Japan | RR420A | PCR test |
| cDNA synthesis kit | Takara Bio, Japan | RR047A | Reverse-transcribed to complementary DNA |
| Alizarin Red | Sigma-Aldrich | A5533 | Staining of calcium compounds |
| Toluidine Blue | Sigma-Aldrich | 89640 | Staining of cartilaginous tissue |
| Oil Red O solution | Sigma-Aldrich | O1391L | Lipid vacuole staining |
| Equipment | |||
| MiniMACS Separator | MiltenyiBiotec | 130-042-102 | For magnetic activated cell sorting |
| MultiStand | MiltenyiBiotec | 130-042-303 | For magnetic activated cell sorting |
| MS Columns | MiltenyiBiotec | 130-042-201 | For magnetic activated cell sorting |
| Cell Strainer | FALCON Inc. | 352340 | 40 μm nylon |
| Hemocytometer | ISOLAB Inc. | 075.03.001 | Cell counting |
| Falcon 100 mm dish | Corning | 353003 | Cell culture dish |
| Microcentrifuge tube | Axygen | MCT-150-C | RNA Extraction and PCR |
| Centrifuge Tubes | Sigma-Aldrich | 91050 | Gamma-sterilized |
| High-speed centrifuge | Eppendorf | 5804R | Centrifuge cells |
| Carbon dioxide cell incubator | Thermo scientific | 3111 | Cell culture |
| Real-Time PCR Instrument | Life Tech | QuantStudio | Real-Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction |
| Flow cytometer | BD Biosciences | 342975 | Cell analyzer |
| Pipettor | Eppendorf | O25456F | Transfer the liquid |
| Cloning cylinder | Sigma-Aldrich | C3983-50EA | Isolate and pick individual cell colonies |
| Sterile hypodermic syringe | Double-Dove, China | 131010 | Arthrocentesis procedure |
| Rabbit cage | Zhike, China | ZC-TGD | Restrain the rabbit |
References
- Oreffo, R. O., Cooper, C., Mason, C., Clements, M. Mesenchymal stem cells: lineage, plasticity, and skeletal therapeutic potential. Stem Cell Reviews. 1 (2), 169-178 (2005).
- Asakura, A., Rudnicki, M. A., Komaki, M.
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