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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biological Techniques
CRISPR 介导的碱基编辑工具:一种诱导靶向碱基替换的基因组编辑技术
CRISPR 介导的碱基编辑工具:一种诱导靶向碱基替换的基因组编辑技术
Encyclopedia of Experiments
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Biological Techniques
CRISPR-Mediated Base Editing Tools: A Genome Editing Technique to Induce Targeted Base Substitution

CRISPR 介导的碱基编辑工具:一种诱导靶向碱基替换的基因组编辑技术

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02:58 min
July 8, 2025
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Transcript

对于 CRISPR 介导的基因组编辑,从 HAP1-BE3 培养物开始,这是一种单倍体细胞系,具有编码碱基编辑器酶的整合 BE 基因。向该培养物中加入含有CRISPR-Cas9质粒的慢病毒载体,该质粒设计用于特定靶标,例如人乳腺癌基因BRCA1。

慢病毒颗粒与宿主细胞膜融合,释放质粒,最终整合到宿主细胞基因组中,形成CRISPR-Cas9-BE基因片段。这些基因产生靶向 BRCA1 的 gRNA、Cas9 核酸内切酶和 BE-胞苷脱氨酶。

靶向 BRCA1 的 gRNA 是一种与 Cas9 融合并将复合物引导至 BRCA1 基因位点的 RNA。在该基因附近,基因座是一个原间隔区相邻基序或 PAM,其中 BE 可以稳定对接并向上游移动以到达其活性催化区域。在这里,BE 识别胞苷碱并将其转化为尿苷。

这种碱基取代突变触发 Cas9 核酸酶切断未修饰的 DNA 链。DNA 链断裂会激活修复酶,填充缺失的碱基并将尿嘧啶(一种非 DNA 碱基)转化为胸腺嘧啶。总的来说,这些过程会产生基因变异。

现在,在生理条件下孵育细胞并传代培养以繁殖基因变异。提取基因组 DNA 并对其进行测序,以分析 CRISPR 介导的碱基编辑效率。

转

染前一天,在 24 孔板中每孔接种 5 x 105 个 HAP1-BE3 细胞,并培养它们以达到 70% 至 80% 的汇合度以进行转染。根据制造商的方案,使用购买的转染试剂转染BRCA1靶向向导RNA。使用 1 微克 BRCA1 靶向引导 RNA 在 BRCA1 靶位点诱导 CG 到 TA 的转化。然后,将细胞在37摄氏度下孵育,每3至4天传代培养一次。转染后 3、10 和 24 天收获细胞沉淀,以分析碱基编辑效率。使用基因组 DNA 纯化试剂盒提取基因组 DNA。

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