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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biological Techniques
拟南芥植物中基于二元细菌人工染色体载体的基因转化:一种通过单拷贝插入生成转基因植物的技术
拟南芥植物中基于二元细菌人工染色体载体的基因转化:一种通过单拷贝插入生成转基因植物的技术
Encyclopedia of Experiments
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Biological Techniques
Binary Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Vector Based Gene Transformation in Arabidopsis Plants: A Technique to Generate Transgenic Plants With Single-Copy Insertion

拟南芥植物中基于二元细菌人工染色体载体的基因转化:一种通过单拷贝插入生成转基因植物的技术

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July 8, 2025
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从

带有未成熟头状花序的拟南酮植物开始。将头状花序浸入携带用二元细菌人工染色体或 BIBAC 克隆的 T DNA 的农杆菌细胞悬液中,BIBAC 是一种在大肠杆菌和农杆菌系统中复制的载体。这种 T-DNA 二元载体可以沿种子特异性启动子递送大型转基因,例如除草剂抗性基因和荧光可选择标记物。

当头状花序仍浸入水中时,轻轻搅拌植物以增强它们与农杆菌的接触。凭借其感染植物的固有能力,农杆菌将转基因转移到花细胞中。当转基因进入细胞时,它会移动到细胞核并与植物基因组融合。

现在,用保鲜膜包裹植物并在黑暗中孵育以保持湿度以改善转化。去除薄膜,在生理条件下种植植物,直到它们产生种子。

接下来,收获种子并在荧光显微镜下观察以选择转化体。现在,在合适的条件下种植转化的种子,直到发芽。用除草剂喷洒植物,然后孵育。

具有多个转基因插入的植物会经历基因沉默和枯萎,而具有单拷贝插入的植物会表达活性除草剂代谢酶并在处理中存活下来。从存活的转化体中提取基因组 DNA 并进行 PCR 以计算单拷贝插入效率。

要为拟南芥植物的转化做好准备,请在温室或气候控制的生长室中种植拟南芥植物,直到它们开花。夹住第一个螺栓,以允许更多的辅助螺栓出现。植物在修剪后四到六天就可以浸渍了,此时植物有很多未成熟的头状花序,而施肥的角果不多。

要进行花卉浸渍,请将花序浸入农杆菌悬浮液中 5 至 10 秒。使用轻柔的搅拌。植物的地上部分用保鲜膜包裹,保持高湿度,用盒子盖住花盆,让植物在黑暗中保持

。 将

植物在温室或生长室中孵育两天。两天后,取下盒子和保鲜膜,在温室或生长室中将植物生长至成熟。为了提高转化效率,可以在第一次浸渍后 7 天重新浸渍相同的植物。

接下来,当转化后的植物成熟干燥时,收获种子。将使用相同结构转化的植物种子汇集并分析为一组。如果植物被BIBAC-RFP-Gateway质粒衍生物转化,则通过使用荧光显微镜分析种子来识别转基因植物。

要检测种皮中的 DsRed 表达,请在 560 纳米的激发和 600 至 650 纳米的发射下对种子进行成像。使用镊子将荧光种子与非荧光对应物分离。

为了筛选用BIBAC-BAR-Gateway质粒衍生物转化的转基因植物,将种子播种在装满土壤的托盘中。通过将种子悬浮在 0.5X MS 培养基中的 0.1% 琼脂中,并使用 1 毫升移液器传播种子,确保种子均匀分布在托盘上。

通过将

种子在 4 摄氏度下孵育至少两天,刺激种子同步发芽。这可以在播种之前或之后进行。播种后两周和三周,用0.5%草铵膦铵溶液喷洒幼苗。每 1 平方米使用 500 毫升草铵膦铵溶液。将幸存的幼苗转移到盆中。通过PCR分析草铵膦-铵体抗性植物,以确定是否存在感兴趣的构建体。

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