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Neuroscience
t1 加权 mri 图像中皮质灰质的自动分割
t1 加权 mri 图像中皮质灰质的自动分割
JoVE Journal
Neuroscience
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JoVE Journal Neuroscience
Automated Segmentation of Cortical Grey Matter from T1-Weighted MRI Images

t1 加权 mri 图像中皮质灰质的自动分割

Full Text
9,433 Views
06:48 min
January 7, 2019

DOI: 10.3791/58198-v

Eileanoir B. Johnson1, Rachael I. Scahill1, Sarah J. Tabrizi1

1Huntington's Disease Research Centre,UCL Institute of Neurology

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This protocol outlines a method for applying seven different automated segmentation tools to structural T1-weighted MRI scans. The goal is to delineate grey matter regions, facilitating the quantification of grey matter volume, which can aid in understanding group differences in cortical volume between non-clinical and clinical populations.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Brain segmentation analysis

Background

  • Investigates cortical volume differences across populations.
  • Utilizes automated segmentation techniques for efficiency.
  • Emphasizes the importance of Visual Quality Control for accuracy.
  • Demonstrates segmentation performance of various tools.

Purpose of Study

  • To provide a reliable method for quantifying grey matter volume.
  • To facilitate non-invasive monitoring of brain volume changes.
  • To compare segmentation outcomes of multiple tools for precision.

Methods Used

  • SPM software in MATLAB is used for segmentation tasks.
  • T1-weighted MRI scans serve as the primary data source.
  • Multiple segmentation techniques are tested for efficiency.
  • Visual Quality Control protocols are applied to validate results.

Main Results

  • Found variability in segmentation accuracy across different tools.
  • Emphasized the necessity of performing Visual Quality Control.
  • Noted specific instances of successful and unsuccessful regional delineation.
  • Concluded that careful testing of tools influences quality outcomes.

Conclusions

  • Demonstrates a comprehensive approach to grey matter volume quantification.
  • Highlights the importance of tool selection and quality control.
  • Provides groundwork for future research on brain volume changes without invasive methods.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the advantages of this segmentation method?
This method offers automated processing, enabling multiple scans to be analyzed efficiently and with precision, reducing human error.
How is Visual Quality Control implemented?
Visual Quality Control involves comparing segmented regions against original scans to ensure accurate delineation, which is essential for reliable results.
What is the significance of using SPM software?
SPM software provides a robust platform for neuroimaging analysis, facilitating segmentation tasks and enabling the use of various automated tools.
How do differences in tool performance affect research outcomes?
Differences in segmentation tool accuracy can impact the biological conclusions drawn from the data, emphasizing the need for careful methodology selection.
Can this method be adapted for other types of imaging?
While optimized for T1-weighted MRI scans, the principles of this segmentation approach can be adapted for other imaging modalities with proper calibration.
What limitations should researchers consider?
Researchers must account for potential biases in segmentation accuracy and the importance of thorough Visual Quality Control to address any inconsistencies.

该协议描述了将7种不同的自动分割工具应用于结构 t1 加权 mri 扫描的过程, 以描述可用于量化灰质体积的灰质区域。

该方法可以回答神经成像和神经学领域中的关键问题。例如,非临床人群与临床人群皮质体积是否有群体差异。这种技术的主要优点是,它使研究人员能够使用最好的工具来处理他们的数据。

首先,首先打开 SPM 软件,打开 MATLAB 命令窗口并在命令行中键入 SPM。然后,要执行统一分段,请选择 PET VBM 打开结构 MRI 工具箱。现在,打开批处理编辑器,一次对多个扫描执行分段。

选择 SPM、空间和分段,然后选择"数据",选择"文件",然后选择 T1 加权扫描作为输入。接下来,单击输出文件,灰质,并确保选择了本机空间,然后对白物质重复此。如果不需要 CSF 分段,请将此集保留为"无"。

如果扫描已"偏差已更正",请将此选项更改为"不保存已更正"。然后使用"清理任何分区",并在运行完整分析之前测试所有三个选项。现在,将其他设置设置为默认值,然后单击绿色标志以运行细分。

MATLAB 窗口将显示分段完成后完成。最后,对生成的灰质 NIfTI 文件执行可视化质量控制。若要在 SPM 8 中执行"新段"选项,请在打开批处理编辑器之前先选择 PET VBM。

然后选择 SPM、工具、新段,然后选择要使用的 NIfTI 格式 T1 图像文件。将"本机组织类型"选项设置为本机空间,并关闭不需要的组织类。还要关闭扭曲组织,然后单击绿色标志以运行分段并在完成后执行可视化质量控制。

若要在 SPM 12 中执行分段,请再次按 PET VBM 并打开批处理编辑器。然后选择 SPM、空间段和数据卷。然后选择本机空间组织类型并关闭不必要的组织类。

将"扭曲组织"设置为"无",然后单击绿色标志。分割完成后,请确保执行本协议下一节中详述的可视化质量控制。可以使用 FSLeyes 执行视觉质量控制。

首先打开终端窗口,然后在终端中键入 FSLeyes 打开 FSLeyes。然后选择"文件","从文件中添加",然后选择原始 T1 和分段区域以查看它们。打开 FSLeyes 后,使用不透明度切换允许对基础 T1 图像进行可视化。

还要通过顶部窗格中的颜色下拉选项卡根据需要更改分段叠加的颜色。现在,滚动浏览大脑的每个切片,并检查每个切片被检查区域中低于或高估的区域。可视化质量控制是此过程的重要步骤。

通过将分段区域与原始 T1 扫描进行比较,可以确保您的区域具有高质量,并且您的结论在生物学上是准确的。若要使用 Freeview 对 FreeSurfer 数据执行可视化质量控制,请打开一个终端窗口,然后将目录更改为包含已处理的 FreeSurfer 输出的主题文件夹。然后键入屏幕上显示的命令,以查看 T1 上覆盖的体积灰色物质区域。再次,滚动浏览大脑的每个切片,并检查被检查的大脑区域不足或高估的区域。

在这里,我们看到 T1 扫描上显示的分割失败的示例。如果无法改进,应重新处理此分段并排除在分析之外。此图显示了 T1 扫描时叶上不同工具性能的示例。

这里可以看到良好的区域划界的例子,而这里则显示了区域划界不良的例子,显示了左右叶的溢出。此图显示了 T1 扫描上不同工具在腹叶上的性能示例。在这里,我们看到T1扫描与一个很好的区域划分的例子,而这里是一个糟糕的区域划分的例子,显示溢出到媒体杜拉。

在这里,我们看到一个灰色物质区域溢出到杜拉的例子,蓝色区域突出显示。此图显示了一个灰质区域的示例,该区域从分割中排除了皮层区域,最好在轴向视图中显示。在尝试此过程时,必须记住在数据中测试不同的工具,并在过程扫描上执行可视化质量控制。

在它的发展之后,这项技术为神经成像研究人员在无需侵入性测试的情况下研究大脑体积随时间的变化铺平了道路。

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