Chapter 8
DNA Replication and Repair
Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a…
An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a…
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together…
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the…
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity…
In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section…
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing…
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV…
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves…
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One…
Olfactory recognition deficits are suggested to be able to serve as clinical marker to differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects from…
The maintenance of the genome and its faithful replication is paramount for conserving genetic information. To assess high fidelity replication, we…