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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
从小鼠脑中分离单核细胞:一种分离脑驻留单核细胞的密度梯度离心技术
从小鼠脑中分离单核细胞:一种分离脑驻留单核细胞的密度梯度离心技术
Encyclopedia of Experiments
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Cancer Research
Mononuclear Cell Isolation from Mouse Brain: A Density Gradient Centrifugation Technique to Isolate Brain Resident Mononuclear Cells

从小鼠脑中分离单核细胞:一种分离脑驻留单核细胞的密度梯度离心技术

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04:11 min
July 8, 2025
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大脑中的单核细胞,包括淋巴细胞和单核细胞,在维持大脑功能和稳态方面发挥着至关重要的作用。

要分离这些单核细胞,首先,取一只用盐水灌注的新鲜收获的小鼠大脑。

灌注可以从血管中去除血液及其成分,从而在后续步骤中分离大脑驻留免疫细胞。

现在,用合适的培养基冲洗大脑以去除粘附的红细胞。冲洗后切碎以获得小组织碎片。

均

质化组织片段以获得单细胞和细胞片段的悬浮液。

向

该悬浮液中,然后以适当的体积加入冷冻介质和合适的密度梯度培养基,以形成低密度梯度培养基。

接下来,添加特定体积的高密度渐变介质;高密度渐变介质在底部形成一个单独的层,从而创建不连续的密度梯度。

在

高速和低温条件下离心悬浮液。单核细胞占据两个密度梯度培养基层之间的界面。

丢

弃含有细胞碎片和髓磷脂的顶层 - 围绕神经细胞轴突的脂肪组织鞘。

将

界面层转移到装有合适培养基和离心机的新鲜管中。

纯化的单核细胞沉淀为沉淀,可以重悬于缓冲液中以进行进一步分析。

小心地从鼻子到颈部切开颅骨,并将每只动物的大脑从颅盒转移到装有 10 毫升 RPMI 培养基的单独 50 毫升管中。

充分

混合试管以去除粘附的红细胞并通过抽吸去除培养基。向每个试管中加入 10 毫升新鲜培养基,并将大脑转移到单独的 100 毫米培养皿中。

用剃须刀将每个大脑切碎,然后使用塑料移液器将尽可能多的组织从一个培养皿中的 6 毫升培养基转移到冰冷的 7 毫升烧结玻璃均质机中。

使用

杵的"松散"柱塞研磨大脑,然后使用"紧"柱塞将组织带到组织,直到悬浮液均匀。然后,将所得组织浆液倒入预冷的 15 毫升冰锥形管中。

当

所有样品均质化后,用新鲜培养基将每个管中的体积调整为7毫升,然后将每个组织悬浮液添加到新的冷却15毫升管中,每管含有3毫升100%基底膜基质。

倒

置混合几次,然后使用 3 毫升移液器在每个组织溶液样品下小心缓慢地加入 1 毫升 70% 密度梯度溶液。

通过密度梯度离心分离细胞并去除几乎所有顶层,注意完全去除所有髓磷脂。

将

界面转移到新的 15 毫升管中,并用新鲜培养基将体积调节至 10 毫升。然后,再次离心样品并除去上清液,然后将沉淀重悬于每管约 100 微升培养基中。

Key Terms and Definitions

  • Centrifuge Isolators - Devices used to separate components of a (e.g., cell) mixture.
  • Sucrose Gradient Media - Medium used to separate components based on their density.
  • Density Gradient Centrifugation - Method to separate cellular components using density.
  • Density Gradient Medium - Medium in which components are separated in gradient centrifugation.
  • Resident Immune Cells - Immune cells that permanently inhabit tissues (e.g., brain).

Scientific Background

  • Introduce Centrifuge Isolators - Tools used in separating mixed (e.g., cellular) components.
  • Key Concepts - Principles of density gradient centrifugation (e.g., using density).
  • Underlying Mechanisms - The nature of separation by density, e.g., gradient centrifugation.
  • Connect to Experiment - Use of centrifugation to isolate resident immune cells from brain tissue.

Questions that this video will help you answer

  • What are centrifuge isolators and how do they help in cellular separation?
  • What is the concept behind density gradient centrifugation?
  • What role does the density gradient medium play in the separation process?

Applications and Relevance

  • Practical Applications - Centrifugation used in scientific and medical labs (e.g., diagnostics).
  • Industry Impact - Fields like neuroscience and immunology benefit (e.g., studying brain diseases).
  • Societal Importance - Advances in understanding innate immunity (e.g., resident immune cells).
  • Link to Scientific Advancements - Enhanced precision in cell separation techniques.

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