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JoVE Journal
Immunology and Infection
单核细胞单层试验中用于评估Fcγ受体介导的吞噬作用
单核细胞单层试验中用于评估Fcγ受体介导的吞噬作用
JoVE Journal
Immunology and Infection
This content is Free Access.
JoVE Journal Immunology and Infection
Use of a Monocyte Monolayer Assay to Evaluate Fcγ Receptor-mediated Phagocytosis

单核细胞单层试验中用于评估Fcγ受体介导的吞噬作用

Full Text
18,903 Views
06:27 min
January 2, 2017

DOI: 10.3791/55039-v

Tik Nga Tong1, Donald R. Branch1,2

1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology,University of Toronto, 2Centre for Innovation,Canadian Blood Services

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

The monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) is an in vitro functional assay designed to evaluate Fc纬 receptor (Fc纬R)-mediated phagocytosis using isolated primary monocytes from mammalian blood. This method is significant in immunohematology and transfusion medicine.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Immunology
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background

  • The MMA assesses Fc-mediated phagocytosis.
  • It helps understand the clinical significance of antibodies to red blood cells.
  • This technique predicts transfusion outcomes in patients with preformed antibodies.
  • Safety precautions are essential when handling human blood.

Purpose of Study

  • To evaluate the phagocytic activity of monocytes.
  • To investigate the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on phagocytosis.
  • To provide a functional assay for transfusion medicine research.

Methods Used

  • Isolation of primary monocytes from whole blood.
  • Centrifugation and washing of cells.
  • Opsonization of red blood cells with antibodies.
  • Incubation and quantification of phagocytosis using microscopy.

Main Results

  • Demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of phagocytosis by intravenous immunoglobulin.
  • Established an IC50 value for the inhibitor.
  • Identified factors affecting accurate phagocytic analysis.
  • Provided a foundation for further studies in opsonization systems.

Conclusions

  • The MMA is a valuable tool for studying antibody interactions.
  • It can inform practices in transfusion medicine and cell biology.
  • Further optimization of the technique is anticipated.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the monocyte monolayer assay?
It is an in vitro assay to evaluate Fc纬 receptor-mediated phagocytosis using isolated primary monocytes.
Why is safety important in this procedure?
Working with human blood poses hazards, necessitating protective measures.
What is the significance of this assay in transfusion medicine?
It helps predict transfusion outcomes for patients with preformed antibodies against red blood cells.
How are monocytes isolated for the assay?
Monocytes are isolated from whole blood using centrifugation and density gradient techniques.
What role does intravenous immunoglobulin play in this study?
It inhibits phagocytosis in a dose-dependent manner, providing insights into antibody interactions.

单核细胞单层测定 (MMA) 是一种体外测定,它利用从哺乳动物外周全血中获得的分离的原代单核细胞来评估 Fcγ 受体 (FcγR) 介导的吞噬作用。

这种体外功能测定的总体目标是评估 FC 介导的吞噬作用的各个方面。这种方法可以帮助回答免疫血液学和输血医学领域的关键问题,例如针对红细胞的自身抗体和同种抗体的临床意义是什么。该技术提供了一种功能性生物测定,可以在体外进行,用于预测那些具有预先形成的红细胞抗体的患者的输血结果。

演示该程序的是我实验室的研究生 Cindy Tong。现在不要忘记,处理人类血液可能是危险的,并且在执行此程序时应始终采取预防措施,例如穿着防护服和手套。通过静脉穿刺从健康供体获得 1 至 2 份 10 毫升全血样品,在含有柠檬酸葡萄糖的真空管中,将试管放入 II 类生物安全柜中,并将血液在温热的完全培养基中以 1:1 的比例稀释。

接下来,将血细胞沿着离心管的侧面缓慢移液到室温密度梯度上,注意不要混合各层。通过离心分离细胞。然后,丢弃顶部血浆层,使用玻璃巴斯德移液器将含有血沉棕黄层的 PBMC 转移到新的 15 毫升试管中。

在 PBS 中洗涤分离的 PBMC 3 次,第三次离心后将细胞重悬于 3 至 7 mL 培养基中。计数后,在完全培养基中将细胞稀释至每毫升浓度 10 至 6 个细胞的 1.75 倍,并将 400 微升细胞接种到八室载玻片的每个孔中,在 37 摄氏度和 5% CO2 全湿度下孵育 1 小时。要调理 R2R2 红细胞,首先在 PBS 中洗涤红细胞 3 次。

第三次离心后,用来自人血清的多克隆抗 D 抗体以一比一的比例稀释 R2R2 沉淀,在 37 摄氏度下孵育 1 小时,并间歇混合。在调理作用结束时,从培养箱中取出细胞,然后在 PBS 中再洗涤 3 次,如刚才所示。将沉淀重悬至完全 RPMI 培养基中 1.25% 体积。

接下来,用 400 微升调理素化的 R2R2 细胞在 37 摄氏度下更换八室载玻片每个孔中的上清液 2 小时。孵育结束时,使用滑动适配器取下腔室,用纸巾轻拍多余的 R2R2。现在,用 PBS 填充 100 毫升烧杯,并将每个玻片缓慢浸入盐溶液中 30 至 40 次,以去除大部分未吞噬的 R2R2。

干燥后,将玻片在 100% 甲醇中固定 45 秒,让细胞干燥,然后再用盖玻片封片样品。第二天,将每张载玻片加载到带有 40 倍物镜的相差显微镜上,并使用每只手的一个计数器手动计数至少 200 个单核细胞和每个单核细胞内吞噬的 R2R2 的数量,以同时量化单核细胞的数量和吞噬的 R2R2 细胞的数量每个样品。静脉注射免疫球蛋白以剂量依赖性方式结合并阻断抑制吞噬作用的 FC 受体,从每毫升 200 μg 浓度的静脉注射免疫球蛋白开始观察到近 100% 的抑制,并且在浓度低于 0.5 μg 抑制剂时几乎没有观察到抑制。

当吞噬指数归一化为 R2R2 阳性对照为 0% 抑制时,可以确定 IC 50 为 3 μg/mL 的抑制曲线。根据经验,相差显微镜可用于区分单核细胞与污染的红细胞,以及空泡与吞噬红细胞。在定量过程中应避免致密的细胞簇和碎片以及 R2R2 红细胞的过度调理素化,这可能导致吞噬作用加剧,从而使单核细胞内部过度拥挤并干扰准确的吞噬分析。

一旦掌握,如果执行得当,这项技术可以在 6 到 8 小时内完成。在此程序之后,可以执行其他方法,如免疫细胞化学或使用共聚焦显微镜的免疫荧光,以回答有关吞噬蛋白表达、红细胞相互作用和区室化的其他问题。随着初步开发和进一步优化,该技术将为输血医学和细胞生物学领域的研究人员探索调理素系统的方式提供信息。

观看此视频后,您应该对如何进行单核细胞单层测定以评估引发吞噬作用的抗体相互作用类型有很好的了解。

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