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JoVE Journal
Developmental Biology
小鼠胚胎Hemogenic内皮细胞的分离
小鼠胚胎Hemogenic内皮细胞的分离
JoVE Journal
Developmental Biology
This content is Free Access.
JoVE Journal Developmental Biology
Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells

小鼠胚胎Hemogenic内皮细胞的分离

Full Text
12,180 Views
08:56 min
June 17, 2016

DOI: 10.3791/54150-v

Jennifer S. Fang*1, Emily C. Gritz*2, Kathrina L. Marcelo3, Karen K. Hirschi1

1Departments of Medicine, Genetics and Biomedical Engineering, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale Stem Cell Center,Yale University School of Medicine, 2Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine,Yale University School of Medicine, 3Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology,Baylor College of Medicine

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This study presents a flow-cytometry based method for isolating hemogenic endothelial cells and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) from murine embryonic tissues. The technique enhances the reliability and specificity of isolating viable cells for further analysis and culture.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Hematopoiesis
  • Cell Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background

  • HSPC originate from hemogenic endothelial cells during development.
  • The process of endothelial cell specification to blood-forming cells is not well understood.
  • Reliable isolation methods are crucial for studying these cells.
  • Flow cytometry allows for the analysis of specific cell populations.

Purpose of Study

  • To develop a method for isolating hemogenic endothelial cells from embryonic tissues.
  • To facilitate the study of the development and function of these cells.
  • To provide a reliable protocol for researchers new to this technique.

Methods Used

  • Dissection of murine embryonic tissues to isolate hemogenic endothelial cells.
  • Use of fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) for cell isolation.
  • Preparation of single cell suspensions from embryonic tissues.
  • Flow cytometric analysis to identify and isolate specific cell populations.

Main Results

  • Successful isolation of hemogenic endothelial cells and HSPC from embryonic tissues.
  • Identification of cell populations using specific markers through flow cytometry.
  • Demonstration of the method's reliability for future research applications.
  • Potential for further studies on the regulation of cell development and function.

Conclusions

  • The developed method is effective for isolating hemogenic endothelial cells.
  • This technique can aid in understanding hematopoietic development.
  • Future research can leverage these isolated cells for functional assessments.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are hemogenic endothelial cells?
Hemogenic endothelial cells are specialized endothelial cells that give rise to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells during development.
Why is flow cytometry used in this study?
Flow cytometry is used for the reliable and specific isolation of viable hemogenic endothelial cells from embryonic tissues.
What is the significance of isolating HSPC?
Isolating HSPC is crucial for studying their development and function in hematopoiesis.
What challenges do researchers face with this method?
New researchers may struggle with identifying the side population of cells that includes hemogenic endothelial cells and HSPC.
What are the next steps after isolating these cells?
After isolation, the cells can be used for culture and functional assessments or further analysis.
Who demonstrated the dissection and scanning procedures?
The procedures were demonstrated by Kat Marcelo, Emily Grits, and Jen Fang from the research lab.

造血干细胞和祖细胞(HSPC)的发展过程中从专门(hemogenic)内皮细胞衍生,还知之甚少由一些内皮细胞指定成为血液形成的过程。我们展示了一个流式细胞仪为基础的方法,允许从鼠胚胎组织hemogenic内皮细胞和HSPC的同时分离。

该程序的总体目标是通过荧光激活细胞分选从小鼠胚胎组织中分离原代造血内皮细胞。该技术的主要优点是它能够从胚胎造血组织中可靠和特异性地分离活的造血内皮细胞。然后,这些细胞可用于后续分析和培养。

然后,可以使用这种方法分离的造血内皮细胞以及造血干细胞和祖细胞将用于帮助回答有关其发育和功能调节的关键问题。通常,刚接触这种方法的个体可能难以识别细胞的侧群,包括造血内皮细胞、造血干细胞和祖细胞。胚胎组织解剖和扫描程序将由我实验室的前研究生 Kat Marcelo 演示。

以及现任临床研究员 Emily Grits。Jen Fang 是一名目前的博士后。首先用 70% 乙醇擦拭所有工作表面,然后在实验室工作台表面的垫下放置吸收剂。

接下来将安乐死的茎仰卧放在下垫上,并用 70% 乙醇大量喷洒下腹部。做一个垂直于下腹壁中线的长水平切口。然后是两个额外的 1 英寸水平切口,从水平切口的中点上下延伸。

然后解剖腹壁,以完全暴露包含多个妊娠胚胎的左右子宫角。使用镊子抓住两个子宫角中的一个,并使用剪刀和镊子将子宫与周围的子宫肌层分开。并将两个角转移到冰上的无菌 60 毫米聚苯乙烯组织培养板中。

将板放在标准光学解剖显微镜下,并使用镊子分离每个胎儿胎盘单位。对于每个单位,解剖每个子宫囊的肌肉层,露出下面的孕囊和蜕膜。要分离卵黄囊,请轻轻地从封闭的胚胎中取出尽可能多的卵黄囊。

必要时,在卵黄管的胚胎起点处从胚胎中取出其余的轭囊组织。要分离主动脉-性腺-中肾或 AGM,请横切心脏和前肢下方的胚胎,并丢弃胸部和头部区域。接下来,在后肢下方横切胚胎,取出并丢弃尾部组织。

然后从剩余的包含 AGM 的切片中取出后肢和多余的腹侧组织。收获每个卵黄囊或 AGM 后,将胚胎组织在 HPSS+ 中混合在冰上的 1.5 毫升试管中。要生成单细胞悬液,请离心胚胎组织,然后将组织沉淀重悬于一毫升 HPSS 中稀释的 2 型胶原酶中 + 将试管在 37 摄氏度的水浴中孵育 30 分钟。

每 5 分钟倒置混合一次。孵育结束时,将样品通过 P1000 移液器 10 次,轻轻地机械解离组织。然后再次旋转样品,将沉淀重新悬浮在一毫升冰冷的 HPSS+Now 中,通过 70 微米细胞过滤器过滤样品,并对细胞进行计数。

计数后,通过离心再次收集细胞。并将沉淀重悬于 37 摄氏度 DMN + 中,浓度为每毫升 10 至 6 个细胞。为了标记细胞以进行 fac 分选,将至少 100 微升细胞分装到 1.5 毫升试管中,并将用 95% 乙醇稀释的维拉帕米仅添加到 hoechst 加维拉帕米对照管中至终浓度为 50 微摩尔。

将所有试管置于 37 摄氏度下 5 分钟。然后将 hoechst 仅添加到 hoechst 和仅 hoechst 加维拉帕米对照管中,将样品管的最终浓度设置为 5 微克/毫升,并将试管放回 37 摄氏度避光放置 1 小时,每 15 分钟倒置一次轻轻混合试管。在孵育结束时,离心所有样品,并在冷 HPSS+Now 中将沉淀稀释至每毫升浓度 10 至 5 个细胞的 1 倍,将荧光偶联抗体添加到适当的仅抗体对照管中,并向样品管中加入终浓度为 2 μg/mL,在避光的冰上孵育 30 分钟。

在孵育结束时,离心样品并将沉淀重新悬浮在 500 微升冰冷的 HPSS 中。通过 5 毫升圆底聚苯乙烯 facs 管的网状过滤盖过滤样品,然后将试管放在避光的冰上。然后立即通过流式细胞术分析细胞。

按照前向和侧向散射侧向散射的标准活细胞和双峰区分,在线性 hoechst 红色与 hoechst 蓝点图中可视化,因为肩部从非侧群体事件向左偏移。维拉帕米治疗显着减少了这种侧群。非侧群细胞被标识为与侧群相邻的致密细胞簇。

非侧群细胞组分包含非血源性内皮细胞,这些细胞进一步区分为 CD31+CD45 事件。为了鉴定造血干细胞和祖细胞以及造血内皮细胞,从揭示 CD45 + 和 CD45 细胞的侧群部分中绘制子门。随后在差异 cKit 与 Flk1 子图中从 CD45 细胞中鉴定出造血内皮细胞为双阳性事件。

造血干细胞和祖细胞在单独的子图中从 CD45 + 级分中鉴定为 Flk1-cKit + 细胞。按照此程序,可以设置基于甲基纤维素的培养物,以提供分离细胞造血能力的功能评估,或者可以立即处理细胞以进行基因和蛋白质表达分析。一旦掌握了这项技术,如果执行得当,可以在大约四到五个小时内完成。

在尝试此程序时,请务必记住将样品避光和置于冰上,除非另有说明,以最大限度地提高细胞活力。这项技术使 Hemoto 血管生物学领域的研究人员能够探索内皮细胞的造血规格及其在胚胎发育过程中造血干细胞和祖细胞的产生。观看此视频后,您应该对如何使用流式细胞术从小鼠胚胎组织中分离造血内皮细胞有很好的了解。

感谢您的观看,祝您的实验好运。

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